The Importance of Being Oscar Wilde Essay Example for Free

The Importance of Being Oscar Wilde Essay Among the writers of the late nineteenth century in Britain, none perhaps has surpassed the reputation and press accorded to the inimitable Oscar Wilde. With controversies plaguing most aspects of his life—from his writing to his personal life—Wilde has eventually become an icon of his generation, resonating with readers far and wide, many celebrating his unique voice and alternative thinking. The man as a poet, playwright, and fiction writer used his wit and intelligence as well as a sharp way with words to create masterpieces that have ultimately become part of the literary canon. Two of these, The Importance of Being Earnest and The Picture of Dorian Gray, are some of the most studied in literary scholarship worldwide, and are practically responsible for catapulting Wilde into iconic status. However, much of the persona of the famed writer included his unconventional sexuality, as well as the infamous period of his incarceration; but, as it normally happens to exceptional talent, the work was able to fight through the dirt and shine on its own merits, earning the admiration of readers throughout the centuries. II. A Wilde History Oscar Wilde was born in October 16, 1854 in Dublin, Ireland, to wealthy parents, a writer and a surgeon. Aside from spending most of his childhood in the company of the equally rich, including summers in fashionable homes, Wilde eventually began his education in Greek literature classics. During his time as a college student, he found his affinity for Aestheticism, which centered on the concept of using life to create art. This manifested in Wilde’s countenance and choice of clothing and lifestyle, constantly deferring to art-related symbols and feminine representations rather than masculine endeavors like sports. Wilde also did a substantial amount of writing during this time and completed his course with honors; however, his controversial image appeared to have started as many of his fellow students professed a great dislike for his unconventional attitude and manner of expression. Because masculinity—part and parcel of Victorian patriarchy—excluded any association with flamboyance in feminine terms, many critics openly attacked Wilde’s lifestyle and writing. The writer’s apparent homosexuality was largely focused upon, and some even referred to him as a negative influence on the youth. Though Oscar Wilde married a woman, Constance Lloyd, with whom he had two sons, his sexual preference and activities were always called into question. Because of his observed relationships with several men, including Lord Alfred Douglas, Wilde became the subject of ridicule and offense; his affair with Douglas, due to the man’s political family, was eventually the reason behind his much-publicized trial and imprisonment. Oscar Wilde passed in 1900, and was buried in Paris where he retreated after being freed from jail. He chose to never return to his native Ireland or to Britain (Merriman, pars 1-10). III. The Picture of Dorian Gray This 1891 novel, which started as a short story published in a magazine, is the only realized work of its genre by Wilde. Largely considered fashionable for its time owing to its gothic horror theme, The Picture of Dorian Gray embodies much of the qualities associated with Wilde himself—art as the center of life, beauty, and homosexuality—and thus was received during its launch with the kind of controversy identified with Wilde all his life. The mind-gripping story revolves around a young, extremely handsome man named Dorian Gray, and the painting of his likeness created by an artist named Basil Hallward. Apparently, the artist was greatly enamored by Dorian’s beauty, which urged him to paint the portrait. However, due to Dorian’s acquaintance with the concept of hedonism and the sole pursuit of beauty, he makes a wish for the painting to take on his physical aging while Dorian’s actual body remained young and beautiful. But for each of Dorian’s sins, changes would take place in the painting—which ultimately mirrored his soul—and make it more grotesque at every turn. His growing fear of seeing his own portrait age led him to affirm his love for beauty even more, and his rejection of everything he deemed unqualified made its mark in every occurrence. In the end, Dorian accuses and kills Basil for bringing this all upon him and attempts to correct all his perceived ills in the hopes of having the portrait return to its normal state. This did not happen, as Dorian was unable to feel guilt or remorse; thus he tried to destroy the painting, which only caused his own aging and death. The portrait, however, returned to its unblemished condition. The dual themes of aestheticism, or the celebration of art and beauty, and homosexuality are present in the novel, both being embodied by Dorian Gray himself. His narcissistic view of beauty and self rendered him at an unending state of discontent, though, and subjects all those who come near him to his exacting ways. These were all part of Oscar Wilde’s personal ideology—the decision to make life an art, constantly seeking for beauty and perfection—which he carried out consistently. However, the novel was considered immoral and ‘dirty’ by the critics of the time, due to the themes projected in the text. IV. The Importance of Being Earnest Oscar Wilde’s hugely popular work is undoubtedly a satire about Victorian society’s rules and regulations, of expectations and etiquette, of hypocrisy and fakeness. It was originally staged in 1895 in London. The famous three-act play is a comedy that revolved around the deception and resulting confusion regarding the use of the name Ernest, which was appropriated by a young man at varying occasions alternating with his real name. Consequently, he meets people who know him through different names, and even falls for a lady who would only marry someone named Ernest. In the maddening turn of events, wherein accusations regarding truthfulness and honesty are made, it is discovered that his name is indeed Ernest, and thus the play ends with all romantic couples satisfied and in love. Clearly, through the mode of comedy, Wilde intended to poke fun at the straitlaced community that frowned upon any deviation from the kind of convention they themselves set. What makes it even more humorous and tongue-in-cheek is the fact that this same society, behind closed doors, defies its own rules while maintaining a consistent and steady front, because of the complications arising from the numerous social obligations necessary to be observed. The trivial and petty arguments coming from the simple use of a name is representative of the superficiality of societal obligation, exemplified by the character Gwendolen’s refusal to marry anyone not named Ernest. While received positively by critics, the exploration of homosexuality in the text was unavoidable, considering Wilde’s reputation. Some claimed that the name ‘Ernest’ subtly referred to being homosexual, and this was somehow confirmed by references to earlier poems by other writers that used this kind of logic, as in John Nicholson’s poem â€Å"Of Boy’s Names†. Nevertheless, other critics and even the actors who had worked on the play denied the claim, and explicitly stated how there was no reference or implication of homosexuality in the piece. V. Other Works and Controversies Oscar Wilde was a prolific writer, churning out exceptional works in the form of poetry, short stories, as well as numerous other plays. He also professed his brand of politics, as evidenced by the impressive collection of articles he published under the titles of â€Å"The Decay of Lying†, â€Å"The Soul of Man Under Socialism†, and â€Å"De Profundis†; all three contained concepts that heralded Wilde’s affinity for aestheticism and socialism. Sadly, Wilde’s public persona was better known for the controversial trial that marred his career, and largely implicated him as an example of immorality arising from homosexual behavior and influence. Gross indecency was the actual crime for which he was being accused, and the event, which was drawn out for a several years, caused Wilde to permanently leave Britain (â€Å"FireBlade Coffeehouse: Oscar Wilde†). VI. Conclusion The intelligence and uniqueness of Oscar Wilde are the qualities that made him the great writer he was, and his conscious deviation from tradition and convention assured the public of works that were always fresh and insightful. However, as with lives tainted by controversy, Wilde could only push his efforts to a degree; he could only leave his literary legacies to a future society. And that he did, with his literature accorded the respect and recognition they deserve—albeit after his death. Wilde was clearly ahead of his time, and his principles on art and beauty would be embraced by many other writers and artists of later generations. Works Cited â€Å"FireBlade Coffeehouse: Oscar Wilde†. Negative Space. 28 June 2009 http://www. hoboes. com/html/FireBlade/Wilde/. Merriman, C. D. â€Å"Oscar Wilde†. 2008. Jalic Inc. 28 June 2009 http://www. online-literature. com/wilde/. Wilde, Oscar. The Importance of Being Earnest. Courier Dover Publications, 1990. Wilde, Oscar. The Picture of Dorian Gray. Macmillan, 1999.

Time Travel through HOLE Teleportation

Time Travel through HOLE Teleportation Kishan Majethia Abstract Time travel as its name suggest is movement of an object over time constraining its motion over space. By constraining the motion of an object in space it can be forced to move the object in time. Thus time travel is nothing but movement of an object from one location to another (over time) without interfering through intermediate medium. Index Terms Time Travel, Conservation of mass, momentum and Energy, Introduction Time travel is basically a concept of moving over time being constrained to move over space, after being isolated from the surrounding environment. It’s like propagating body in fourth dimension which is being considered as time without violating any of the basic laws of nature that is Law of conservation of mass, momentum or energy In Introduction you can mention the introduction about your research. Research and collected data Below given is some of the data being collected from real life being experienced time shift: Two female academics, Eleanor Jourdain and Charlotte Anne Moberly allegedly experienced here a time slip, and saw Marie Antoinette, theComte de Vaudreuiland some other people in the time of the French Revolution. The time slip of Air Marshal Sir Robert Victor Goddard over the former Royal Air Force stationDrem Airfieldin 1935. The man often calledTime Traveling Hipsterfrom the reopening ceremony of South Forks Bridge in Gold Bridge, British Columbia, Canada, 1941. [1] WRITE DOWN YOUR STUDIES AND FINDINGS Time travel as being shown in many of the movies is theoretically possible as being recent research, but has been practically not possible until now due to some practical difficulties like violation of law of conservation of energy, momentum, space, etc. As any person travel in time he should be interacting with two environment simultaneously, which is not possible practically. So we should device a system which can practically isolate the body from present environment and can bring them in newer environment. This is being popularly known as time machine which we can device in such a way that it isolate totally inside environment from present environment. So that body can appear in future without violating laws. [2] Another limitation that hinders time travel is law of conservation of energy, mass, momentum, etc. Any object with a specified energy, mass and momentum if disappears in present environment should bring back another object of same mass, energy and momentum for successful transfer. The second step of hole teleportation is complete disappearance from one place and appearing at some other place. This can be occurred by creating a hole at place of object (since matter can’t exist inside hole). It should also exclude all the possibilities of reappearing in space. As being constrained of space travel it will travel in time. Third step of time travel is that it should have all the possibility of occurrence of that object at some space in future or past (that place should exist), obeying all laws of conservation of energy, mass, momentum. All things considered, for time travel I propose to create around a body a very complicate digital electric or magnetic fields. For example, we create around object the picture In the Woods by electric or magnetic fields. In this way, we create the unique place with unique force fields in the Universe. Therefore, if we send an object outside of Universe, it cannot appear in other place with similar force fields because such place does not exist in the Universe. And object cannot reappear in the start place because matter cannot exist inside of hole sphere (outside of the universe). The main difference between past and future is the rate of cosmological expansion. The space-time metric changes over time in such a way that the spatial dimensions appear to grow or stretch as the universe gets older. At cosmological metric expansion, the distances between every two points on Earth increase. It is imperceptible in our everyday life but it is the cumulative effect due to during a long time the objects and force fields changes. Here I want tounderline that local observer cannot measure this effect because its body and measuring devices changes in the same proportion. The difference between object’s size in the past and future appears at time travel only. Therefore the same body may have different sizes in the past and future. We can use this effect in order to travel in the past or future. In this way, if the object cannot appear in space today, it may appear in the past or future because the force characteristics of destination place changes in time due to cos mological expansion, solar storms and vacuum fluctuations. Besides, during the journey Earth move near other stars and galaxies, this may change all the force fields in the destination place. The direction of time travel (in the past or the future) depends on the start conditions at hole teleportation. If we want to travel in past we must find ways to contract all distances on start place (including a object and teleporter) before teleportation because in the past cosmological expansion was slower and all objects has the smaller sizes. To do this, we must create the generator of holes, because holes able to contract distances. In contrast, for time travel in the future we must expand a body because universe is expanding at an accelerating rate. Thus, by selecting the start conditions we may travel in the past or future using hole teleportation. For travel in a very deep future, over one million years, we must increase the velocity of traveler because he traverses the cosmologically big distances and must account the cosmological expansion. GET PEER REVIEWED Here comes the most crucial step for your research publication. Ensure the drafted journal is critically reviewed by your peers or any subject matter experts. Always try to get maximum review comments even if you are well confident about your paper. For peer review send you research paper in IJSRP format to [emailprotected]. IMPROVEMENT AS PER REVIEWER COMMENTS Analyze and understand all the provided review comments thoroughly. Now make the required amendments in your paper. If you are not confident about any review comment, then dont forget to get clarity about that comment. And in some cases there could be chances where your paper receives number of critical remarks. In that cases dont get disheartened and try to improvise the maximum. After submission IJSRP will send you reviewer comment within 10-15 days of submission and you can send us the updated paper within a week for publishing. This completes the entire process required for widespread of research work on open front. Generally all International Journals are governed by an Intellectual body and they select the most suitable paper for publishing after a thorough analysis of submitted paper. Selected paper get published (online and printed) in their periodicals and get indexed by number of sources. After the successful review and payment, IJSRP will publish your paper for the current edition. You can find the payment details at: http://ijsrp.org/online-publication-charge.html. CONCLUSION Thus we conclude from this papper that by evacuating the object from the present envirounment by means of holes and restraining it from moving over space, it will travel over time. Appendix Appendixes, if needed, appear before the acknowledgment. Acknowledgment I thank my colleagues from RK University who provided insight and expertise that greatly assisted the research, although they may not agree with all of the interpretations/conclusions of this paper. We are also immensely grateful to â€Å"Reviewer name and position† for their comments on an earlier version of the manuscript, although any errors are our own and should not tarnish the reputations of these esteemed persons. References http://io9.com/all-the-evidence-that-time-travel-is-happening-all-arou-1446262029. http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/GR/time_travel.html. H. Poor, An Introduction to Signal Detection and Estimation. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1985, ch. 4. B. Smith, â€Å"An approach to graphs of linear forms (Unpublished work style),† unpublished. E. H. Miller, â€Å"A note on reflector arrays (Periodical style—Accepted for publication),† IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., to be published. J. Wang, â€Å"Fundamentals of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers arrays (Periodical style—Submitted for publication),† IEEE J. Quantum Electron., submitted for publication. Authors First Author – Author name, qualifications, associated institute (if any) and email address. Second Author – Author name, qualifications, associated institute (if any) and email address. Third Author – Author name, qualifications, associated institute (if any) and email address. Correspondence Author – Author name, email address, alternate email address (if any), contact number. www.ijsrp.org

What are Malaysias main imports and exports

What are Malaysias main imports and exports Illustrate the components of Malaysias imports and exports using a graph or chart and elaborate on it. Which countries are Malaysias main trading partners? Components of Malaysias exports According to Malaysias top 10 trade statistics for year 2009 by MATRADE, the major export products are divided into nine subcategories. Electrical and electronic products are the highest export products valued at RM22.68 billion which is equal to 41.5% of the total exports. While for palm oil, it takes off 6.3% of the total exports and it is equal to RM3.44 billion. Ranking number three for Malaysias export product is the liquefied natural gas which account for 6% or RM3.31 billion of total exports. Crude petroleum is account for 5.9% of total exports. The chemicals and chemical products hold 5.8% of the total exports are rank at number five of Malaysias total export. As for refined petroleum products, it represents 4.2% of Malaysias total export or RM2.29 billion. For machinery, appliances, and parts, these components are rank at number seven which take-up 3.5% or RM1.94 billion of total exports. Manufactures of metal hold 2.6% of total exports. The wood products hold 2.4% of total exports in Malaysia. Optical and scientific equipment are categorized as minority of Malaysia export as it stand for 2.3% or RM1.25 billion for total exports. The remaining percentages represent other export products in Malaysia. Components of Malaysias imports For component of Malaysias imports, there are three main categories of imports by end use. Intermediate goods are valued at 66.4% of total imports. For capital goods, it take-up 15.8% of total imports and for consumption goods, it is account for 7.3% of total imports. Other major import products of Malaysia import products include electrical and electronic products which are valued at 38.4% of total imports. Besides that, machinery, appliances, and parts are account for 8.6% and chemicals and chemical products take-up 8.4%. While for manufactures of metal, it is account for 5.2% of total imports. Furthermore, transport equipment account for 5.1%, refined petroleum products take-up 5%, and iron and steel products take-up 3.7% of total imports. For optical and scientific equipment, it has 3% of total imports and processed food take-up 1.7% of total imports. Crude petroleum is the minority of total imports where it takes up of 1.6% of total imports. The remaining percentages represent other import products in Malaysia. Malaysias Main Trading Partners Main trading partners of Malaysia include Peoples Republic of China which it accounted for 12.9%, Singapore hold 12.7%, and United States of America take-up 11.1% of total trade with Malaysia. Besides that, Japan is also trading partner for Malaysia where there is 11.0% total trade between both Japan and Malaysia. Another trade partner for Malaysia is Thailand. Thailand holds 5.7% total trade with Malaysia. On top of that, total trade between Malaysia and Republic of Korea take-up 4.2%. There are 4.1% trade between Malaysia and Indonesia. While for Hong Kong, Germany and Taiwan, those three countries have 4.0%, 3.4%, and 3.3% trading with Malaysia. The remaining percentages represent other countries which also have trade with Malaysia. Malaysias top 10 export markets are Singapore which taken up 14.0% of Malaysias total exports, Republic of China accounted for 12.2%, United States of America holds 11.0%, and Japan holds 9.8% of Malaysias total exports. For Thailand, Hong Kong Republic of Korea, and Australia, those countries respectively hold 5.4%, 5.2%, 3.8%, and 3.6% of total exports. As for Netherlands and Indonesia, both countries are the minority markets of Malaysias export markets as there are only 3.3% and 3.1%. The remaining percentages represent other export markets trade with Malaysia. Malaysias top 10 import origins are Republic of China (14.0%), Japan (12.5%), United States of America (11.2%), Singapore (11.1%), and Thailand (6.1%). While for other import markets, Indonesia account for 5.3%, Republic of Korea account for 4.6%, Taiwan holds 4.3%, and Germany also holds 4.2% of total imports with Malaysia. Hong Kong only holds 2.5% of imports with Malaysia. The remaining percentages represent other import markets trade with Malaysia. For the export components, we compare between the year 1989 and 2009. We use the commodity sections for comparison. The export for foods has increased from 3, 128.9 in year 1989 to 15, 800.9 in year 2009. As the population has increased and there are more and more countries that involved in open economy, this has lead to the increasing in the exports for food in Malaysia. For beverages and tobacco, from the table, it showed that it is increasing from RM80.2 million to 2, 482.3 million. Besides that, the crude materials and inedible goods also increased from RM12, 656.9 million to RM 13, 161.1 million. This does not show much increased. While for mineral fuels and lubricants, it has more significantly rose from year 1989 to 2009, which it rose from RM11, 023.6 million to 81, 685.7 million. From the table, we can see that there is 605% increase in animal and vegetable oils and fats. The growing rate of animal and vegetables oils and fats is more than 600 is logic as it growth for 20 years long. Furthermore for chemicals, there was significant increase which it increased from RM1, 234.2 million to RM33, 345.4 million between year 1989 and 2009. This is because nowadays, there are many companies which need chemical products for the daily operating. With globalization, export products will raise from one year to another as many companies have came into the industry. Increasing in quantity demanded will also follow by increasing in quantity supplied. That is why export of manufactured goods which includes tin has rose 764.1% for the past 20 years. While for machinery and transport equipment, it has grown from RM21, 982.9 million to RM257, 248.7 million. As the technology in Malaysia has improved, we export our technology to other least development countries. On top of that for miscellaneous manufactured articles, the data showed there is 826.12% increased from year 1989 until 2009. Miscellaneous transactions and commodities also increased from RM201.5 million in year 1989 to RM4, 607.3 million in year 2009. Compare using the same data, we now evaluate on import components. According to external trade data taken from Department of Statistics of Malaysia website, Malaysia import food has increased from year 1989 to 2009. The data shown in 1989, we import RM4, 613.9 million of food and in 2009, we import RM26, 770.3 million of food. For beverages and tobacco, our import has increased 769.7% within the 20 years. In average, it increased 38.48% per year. Besides that, crude materials and inedible has also increased 498.11% that is increased from RM 2, 488.9 million in year 1989 to RM 14, 886.3 million in year 2009. Averagely, it increased 24.91% per year. While for mineral fuels and lubricants, it increased from RM 2, 911.1 million to RM35, 686 million for this 20 years. Furthermore, animal and vegetable oils and fats rose from RM257.1 million to RM4, 977.6 million. As we can see from chemicals, it was RM5, 412.7 million in year 1989 and increased to RM39, 492.2 million in year 2009. Manufactured goods includes tin has rose 432.79% where in average; it increased 21.64% per year from 1989 until 2009. Machinery and transport equipment has the most changes where in 1989, Malaysia import RM29, 233.1 million and it increased to RM222, 578.8 million in 2009. As Malaysia is in developing, we need more high technology machines to increase our production. For miscellaneous manufactured articles, we have total of RM3, 257.5 million import in it and it increased to RM25, 735.7million in 2009. Besides that, miscellaneous transactions and commodities have increased from RM2, 522.8 million to RM9, 865.5 million. When we compare those import and export components for 20 years, overall, Malaysia still has positive net export. In 1989, Malaysia has RM6, 966.4 million. While in 2009, Malaysia also has positive net export with RM118, 354.9 million. What are the benefits of engaging in international trading? Are there disadvantages as well? International trade is known as the trade of goods, services, and capital across the international borders with not much difficulty. The international trade accounts for a good part of countrys gross domestic product. International trade system is growing and spreading quickly because of modern production techniques, advanced transportation system, outsourcing in term of manufacturing and services, and rapid industrialization. It is an essential resource of returns for a developing country. The advantages of international trading have been the most important drivers of development for the last half of 20th century. Countries with well-built international trade have turn out to be successful and have the authority to control the world economy. International trade has also turn into one of the main contributor to the decreasing of poverty. There are several benefits from international trade activities which are: Competitiveness. International trade could maintain cost competitiveness in domestic market where they increase effectiveness in productions, because countries will attempt to accept better ways of production to maintain cost as lowest as possible on order to remain competitive. Employment. It helps a lot in generate more employment through the development of newer industries to serve to the demands of various countries. As a result, international trade can reduce the unemployment rate. Inflation. Due to international trade, a new trend has been observed. Countries, all over the world are making all effort to adhere to monetary policies, which have zero inflation, thereby reducing restrictions in trade worldwide. Offer greater variety of goods for consumption. International trade offer users a lot of options which will not only get better in their quality of life but altogether it will help out the nation to develop. Increase sales and profit. International trade provides an opportunity to the countries to boost up their sales and automatically generate higher profit. Effective allocate and fully utilize the resources since countries are going to manufacture merchandises where they have gain in a comparative advantage. The effect is the waste in replication of resources can be prevented. It aids a lot in protecting the environment from any such of pollution and also gives countries with a superior marketing control. Disadvantage of International trade There are numerous disadvantages arising from international trade. First disadvantage is exhausted of Natural Resources. It means all natural resource will decrease over the time of international trade. It encourages a developing country to export all of its raw material early on to gain the return and become the developed company. Secondly is in term of dependence, import of low quality products increases dependence of foreign countries to the extent which lead to that country has no productive. This mean that businesses, workers and customers are tend to decline in the economies of our trading partners. The production between two countries will stop all together. As example during recession in the Malaysia leads to decreased demand for China exports, leading to diminishing in export profits, lower GDP, lower earnings, decrease in domestic demand and increase unemployment. Loss on agricultural countries in considered as one disadvantage of international trade. In international trade predominantly agricultural countries are loser to the maximum extent. This happen as the demand for agricultural  product is less elastic; there is hardly any increase in their demand despite fall in the price. International trade also create unemployment to country. It occurs when labour market is competitive where lead to higher wages and together decrease the employment. Trade unions can cause salary to go higher than equilibrium via the threat of strikes. However when the salary is over the equilibrium, it will cause a drop in employment because the company have to pay higher salary or wages and it become the cost to company. So they will decide to reduce the employment. Barriers in long distance trade and different language also create disadvantage of international trade. The long distance such it becomes hard to keep a close rapport linking the buyers and sellers. Every country has possesses its own language, this in because international trade engage in trade connecting two or more countries where there is variety of languages. The different in language creates problem in international trade. International trade involves preparation of number of documents which also creates difficult in the way of international trade. Some laws and regulations are imposing on export and import of products. International trade involves a great deal of risk on long distance, even though the risk has been covered by insurance but there is still involve the extra cost of production because the insurance cost is added to cost. Lastly is the disadvantage in pollution and other environmental problem. International trade can caused pollution and other ecological problems as corporations fail to take account of these costs in the price of merchandise in trying to fight with corporations operating under weaker environmental laws and legislation in some countries. As a company produce product, the pollution will always occurs and to produce the product they will get raw material from export country. Then as long as they have the part or material to use together with demand of good lead to increase in production and pollution. Define foreign direct investment (FDI). What are some of the policies and incentives provided by the local government to boost FDI in Malaysia? DEFINITION OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ( FDI ) FDI is a component of a countrys national financial account. It can be defined as an investment of foreign assets into a domestic structure. A parent business enterprise and its foreign affiliate are the two parties of this relationship. These two sides of entity, they both comprise a Multinational Company (MNC). An example of FDI is when American company taking a major stake in one of the company in china. The company in china is said to be the parent business enterprise whereas an American company is said to be the foreign affiliate for the investment. On the other word, FDI also exists when there is any joint venture between local and foreign company. Naza Kia Sdn Bhd can be stated as one of a joint venture company in Malaysia where the Kia Motors has made its investment to Naza Sdn Bhd. Instead of having an investment via joint venture, FDI also involves in participation in management, transfer of technologies and expertise. FDI can be classified into two types; Inward and Outward. The Inward FDI means that, when theres an investment of foreign capital in our local resources. There are some factors that determine the growth of Inward FDI. The factors are the tax breaks, the relaxation of existence regulations, loans of low rates of interest and the specific grants. On the other hand, the Outward FDI also can be stated as a direct investment abroad which means, our local capital is being invested to foreign resources. Basically, Outward FDI is dealing with the import and export of a country. MALAYSIA: FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT POLICIES. THE FDI REGIME Basically, FDI policies are some set of a rules and regulations to regulate the investment made within those countries. In Malaysia, there is no specific laws that governed FDI activities. However, it is regulated that all foreign manufacturing activity must be licensed no matter what is the nature of the business it is. Malaysia only has Foreign Equity Guideline as a guideline any foreign investment. Until 1998, under the foreign equity guideline, the share limits were made on the performance and conditions set by the industrial policies of the time. For example, in the past years, the size of foreign equity share that allowed for investment in manufacturing sector is based on the share of the product exported. FDI projects that export at least 80% of production. However, the restriction was abolished through decision made by Ministry of Trade and Industry (MITI) when Malaysia desperately needs FDI after the economic crisis in 1998. Besides abandoning the export, Malaysia also has minimized the negative incentives such as: Nationalization and appropriation Double taxation Joint venture: requirements. Domestic employment: restrictions. Restriction on remittance of profit. Other than that, there is also some guidance in order to protect the foreign investment. Foreign investors are guaranteed against expropriation of property without compensation by virtue of Article 13 of the Federal Constitution. Due to the absence of the investment law, Malaysia has relied on the bilateral investment guarantee agreement or IGAs to: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Protect against nationalisation and expropriation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Ensure prompt and adequate compensation in the event of nationalisation or expropriation. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Provide free transfer of profits, capital and other fees. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Ensure settlement of investment disputes between private parties and Government under the Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) of which Malaysia has been a member since 1966 Investment Regime: Malaysia, from http://www.iisd.org/pdf/2004/investment_country_report_malaysia.pdf Other than IGAs, our country also has bilateral Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreements. For the employment restrictions, one must examine the restriction in a domestic context For example, Dobson (1998) wrote that while each foreign Banks subsidiary is limited to hiring two expatriate personnel, this restriction was in fact less stringent than that imposed on domestic banks. Furthermore, the restriction has been somewhat relaxed lately to allow for intra-corporate exchanges and short-term assignments after the economic crisis. On 17 June 2003, the Ministry of Industry and Trade (MITI) has established new guidelines on the employment of expatriate personnel that guarantee automatic approval of certain number of expatriate posts and extend the length of maximum employment for both executive and nonexecutive posts. Again this shows the extreme fluidity of the investment regime in Malaysia. Investment Regime: Malaysia, from http://www.iisd.org/pdf/2004/investment_country_report_malaysia.pdf Here, we can conclude that, even with the absence of specific laws regarding to the foreign investment. Malaysia Government still has some guidance to follow in related with Foreign Direct Investment. MITI plays an important role in determining the guidelines for Foreign Direct Investment. INVESTMENT AND INDUSTRIAL POLICIES By the absence of specific laws considering the investment, however Malaysia do has some policies on Investment and Industries. These policies can be referred as trade policies as well. Basically, Malaysia has begun to have the industrial policies since the 70s and 80s which was focusing on the export. However, this was resulting to the export performance to be the main conditionality for foreign equity ownership and incentives were based on investment project. However, after the years, incentives were based on the product and the activities in order to steer investment towards the 12- targeted industries in the First Malaysian Industrial Plan in the 1986 until 1995. Therefore, investment incentive has become more selective and will be depending on the priority sectors. Below are the lists of major incentives for investment: Pioneer Status Investment Tax Allowance Reinvestment Allowance Incentives for industrial adjustment Incentives to strengthen the Industrial Linkage Scheme: Incentives for both large companies and vendors) Incentives for export Incentives for promoting Malaysian Brand Name Training incentives: including the pre training incentives, Double deduction for expenses incurred for approval training, and Human Resource development fund. Infrastructure Allowance Incentives for Research and Development companies

School Districts Essay -- Education, Teachers

Every school district aims for high achievement; some consistently exceed expectations while others fail. With close to 3.2 million teachers employed nationwide (Fast Facts, 2011), school districts are often categorized into three groups: urban, suburban and rural. Within these categories, lower socioeconomic status is prevalent in the rural and urban areas. However, the students in urban districts are the most culturally diverse. Many people would assume a teacher in a rural school would use similar to identical teaching strategies as one in an urban school. However, this assumption is incorrect for several reasons. Students in urban schools endure many hardships unique to its location and the social issues that exist. This research expository will serve as a guideline for success for administrators and teachers in urban schools and teachers. In this unique environment, it’s critical that teachers build off the most important resource they have: the student body. Urban distr icts have many disadvantages and face my tribulations in its quest to become a successful school (meeting standards). The teachers in urban districts have typically been very unhappy compared to those who teach in rural and suburban districts. Many teachers claim they are dissatisfied because they feel their role is minimal in deciding important educational decisions such as curriculum. In these urban districts, a top-down approach is commonly used and teachers have claimed to feel as though the wrong people are making the most important decisions. Many administrators feel it is necessary in today’s urban educational environment because of the amount of first year teachers hired every year. Another reason district administrators create curriculum is b... ...tion needed to succeed in the school. In experimental studies, urban schools that use service learning as a curriculum guideline have seen attendance and test scores rise while behavior issues subside. Laws, such as No Child Left Behind, that threaten failing schools with punitive penalties if test scores do not meet a standard are fueling the growing pandemic that is the failing urban schools of the United States. It must be understood that education in the public school system cannot be solved with an old fashioned cookie cutter approach; not all schools should be treated the same. The fact is all schools are unique because they are filled with individuals stemming from their own unique cultural background. Motivation and personalization is key; by tapping into their interests and lifestyle, teachers can bridge the gap between success and repeated failure.

Histories Maladies :: essays research papers

It seems these days that our world's history is becoming more and more misconstrued and misused. Everywhere you look or read about history, someone has made a massive blunder. Facts become fiction and fiction fact. And it's always done so to someone or some group's benefit. Take the history of slavery, for example. This always controversial subject has been a key element in the history of our United States of America for many generations, and will be for many more. But the truth, rather the complete truth is not taught in school. Why? Because if it was there are certain groups of people that would be outraged. This is not a racist or prejudiced view, but people who seem to believe that others should be held accountable for what their ancestors did to the others' ancestors will always hold a controlling voice in what is taught in history. Where did this point come from? Simple: as we all know, native Africans were sold into slavery during American colonial times. That has never been disputed. What is not taught, however, is who sold them into slavery. And why is that? Because if it were taught, that controlling minority would lose it's control, not just over history, but politics, education and more. And what's more about slavery is that it wasn't only Africans who were sold into slavery during the course of mankind, but also Jews, Arabs, Irish, Scottish, English, Germans... The list goes on. In fact, every major ethnicity or nationality has had members of it's ancestry enslaved at some point in time. It's nothing that hasn't been performed for eons. But why do we concentrate so hard on the slavery of Africans? Because we have to. Another problem with history as it is taught is religious persecution. Christianity for many centuries has complained that it is persecuted constantly throughout history. Yes, that's true, but Christianity fails to point out that it itself is one of the worst religions when it comes to persecuting other religions. The Crusades are a prime example of persecution performed by Christianity. No religion is exempt from having been persecuted or having performed persecution. But we're not allowed to know that. The Jewish religion is another example. Always one of the most fiercest anti-Christian religions, Judaism is known for being persecuted. Although true enough that their religion has most definitely suffered the worst religious abuse they too participate in the active destruction of other religions.

Management Info System

20/11 In this exercise, you will use spreadsheet software to analyze company financial statements and create graphs important financial data As part of your analysis of the company for the management, you have been asked to analyze data on Dirt Bikes’s financial performance and prepare a report for management . Review Dirt Bikes’s selected financial data in the introduction to Dirt Bikes’s, which can be found at the laudon web site .There you will find Dirt Bikes’s income statement and summary balance sheet data from 2002/2006, and total domestics versus international sales between2002 and 2006 Use your spreadsheet software to create graphs of Dirt Bikes’s sales history from 2002 to 2006 and its domestics versus international sales from 2002 to 2006 select the type of graph that is most appropriate for presenting the data you are analyzing.Use the instruction at the laudon web site and your spreadsheet software to calculate the gross and net margins in Dirt Bikes’s income statements from 2004 to 2006. You can also create graphs showing trends in selected pieces of Dirt Bikes’s income statement and balance sheet data if you wish (You may want to rearrange the historical ordering of the data if you decide to do this) 1. What are dirt Bikes’s best-and worst- performing products? What is the proportion of domestic to international sales?Have international sales grown relative to domestic sales? 2. Are sales (revenues) growing steadily, and, if so, at what rate? What is the cost of goods sold compared to revenues? Is it increasing or decreasing? Are the firm’s gross and net margins increasing or decreasing? Is the firm heavily in debt? Does he have sufficient assets to pay for operational expenses and to finance the development of new products and information systems? 3. Prepare a slide show that summarizes your analysis of dirt Bikes’s performance

Imagination has the power to encourage

Imagination has the power to encourage When walking In the kitchen you hear the footsteps tap clink clang, tap clink clang from a young man age twenty-three, tall, lean but not too frail. Continuation footsteps entering the saute © station, pans moving side to side, gas burner being constantly turned to high or low, and tongs being flipped around all happening In a quickly motion. Top chef walks In says, â€Å"Get to work, start with Immaculate the saute © station immediately. Yes, chef†, He quickly replied. Wishing, whooshing, flawless swiping, drying off the dishes. He sighs, leaning against the kitchen counter, eyes focusing on the delectable food being made across the kitchen by top chef, wishing he was Just as great as he is. Dimming away but into his perfect fantasy world he suddenly is amazingly talented with culinary art master pieces looking like true art, fantastic smelling the aromatic but savory and tasting the juiciness, rich delectable labors.His top chef imp ress by his work of art, astonishment of passion all into the food. â€Å"I've got an important announcement to make, are you all listening? ‘ Top Chef says Immediately charged. Quickly everyone stop Immediately and looks at chef. â€Å"I'm deciding to give someone a promotion to be top chef, whose earn It. This person amazing, talented, and passionate†, Chef describes. He thinks to himself, â€Å"I'm going to be top chef; I'm going to be top chef†. â€Å"The new top chef Is†¦ Bout to announce by top chef himself. Someone walk up to him and snap, snap he instantly comes out from his perfect fantasy world. â€Å"Get to cleaning† His co-worker says. He continues to cleanse, finishing he goes into an empty station, sneakily and starts to combined flavors, experimenting them. He's encourages to prove himself to top chef by doing this and successfully he could impress his top chef. With enough effort and hard work, even experimenting could all lead to su ccessful/ great things.