The Problems that Lake Tahoe Faces

The Era of Plastic Surgery

The Era of Plastic Surgery The Era of Plastic Surgery"As definitions of beauty become ever more exacting, and as the shape-shifting technology required to maintain that aesthetic carries on developing, a homogenization of faces is taking place"( Briscoe,2010). Today's society could be classified as the era of plastic surgery since it has dominated all individuals, limitless of their age, condition or gender. We live in a place where physical appearance plays a vital role; therefore, we tend to delay physical aging as much as we can and plastic surgery is the key to that. Celebrities are role models that have invaded our time and social media. They are society's stars that ordinary people look up to; so they have an impact on others, specifically regarding beauty and cosmetic surgery. Nowadays, celebrities, who are either satisfied or dissatisfied with their look, tend to undergo cosmetic surgery in order to maintain their stardom look. Thus, it is no more surprising to see that "the number of breast augmentati ons, nose jobs and face lifts is up 10 per cent over last year" (Moen,2012).Indian Journal of Plastic SurgeryPsychologists and researchers have been discussing the pros and cons of plastic surgeries; some argue that celebrities shouldn't undergo cosmetic surgery for the sake of their career while others support the opposite.People are somehow depending on plastic surgeries as a way to obtain a better career and life. However, these surgeries don't offer a better economical transformations or self-identity enhancement (Branaman, 2010). So, people may refuse cosmetic surgery under the claim that it transforms the natural into unnatural and deprives it from its value (Moen, 2012). It is unnatural to try to possess eternal youth. One should accept that aging is a natural cycle of one's life. According to Moen, undergoing plastic surgery is an unfair action and a form of cheating. It's...

Identify any Changes in the CEO during the Past Three Years Essay

Identify any Changes in the CEO during the Past Three Years - Essay Example The auditor and his partner performed the audit services for three years in the company and their financial reporting implications are as under: I examined the audit report 2009 of the firm because this is the last year of the Mark & Co. as an auditor with its partner NA Calder. In this report they examined concise financial statement first, according to them concise financial statement has been prepared in accordance with Accounting Standards AASB 1039: Concise Financial Report, and the Corporation Act 20012. They also acknowledge that the financial report of the company and controlled entities comply with all Australian equivalents to International Financial Reporting Standards (AIFRS) and the currency presentation used in the reports is Australian dollars. Auditor and its partner report that company’s financial statements have been prepared under going concern concept, which excogitate the routine business activities and realization of assets and the settlement of obligatio ns in the normal way of business. Further, revenue for the current year is declined by 22%3 as compared to previous year due to decline in production, on-going pump issues and oil price declining trend via global uncertainty. Company wants to enhance its revenue; in this regard they formed joint ventures with Kakadu/Didgeridoo and Ash Creek for the development work and well testing to increase revenues with based on production. As per depreciation policy, Oil and gas properties, plant and equipment, other than freehold land are depreciated on a unit of production basis. The remaining assets are depreciated under the diminishing balance method. As per auditor’s findings company already spend $4,122,903 on the extensive work program with The Grieve Oil Field, the result of this work are expected by the end of the current year and the present work is unsuccessful. In this way, company has to impair this amount because financial statement doesn’t reflect any adjustment yet . In 2010 PKF appointed was the auditor with Bruce Gorden as a partner. I examined their report as well and found the following implications in their report. They examined the company’s financial statement and acknowledge that company maintained its financial statements in accordance with Accounting Standard AASB 101 Presentation of Financial Statements, that compliance with Australian Equivalents to International Financial Reporting Standards and in accordance with Corporation Act 20014. They mentioned that group incurred a net loss $3,264,663 for the year and had net cash outflows of $2,111,538. As per their opinion group didn’t maintain its appropriate levels of funding and have a doubt about the group’s ability to continue as going concern because they are unable to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. As per financial report, it didn’t include any adjustment regarding the recoverability and classification of recorded assets and liabilities. As per the auditor, it is necessary if the company does not continue as a going concern. These are the above findings have been observed due to the auditor’s changing during the year. iii. Note any non-audit services and their relative value provided by the auditor and comment on the implications for auditor-independence In 2009 the board of directors was satisfied that the provision of non audit services, which was

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 2

Strategic Management - Essay Example Based on the industrial analysis, it presents which the position in the industrial life cycle in which it belongs. Focusing on the opportunities and threats emerging from the industry analysis and the present position in the industrial life cycle where it belongs, the project makes an analysis of the future outlook of the company. It presents the future strategies that the company should resort to. Secondly, it makes a competitive analysis of the industry also. This is done using the Porters’ Forces Model which emphasizes on the factors like the suppliers and the buyers bargaining powers, the threat of new entrants, the entry of substitute products and services in the industry and the existing competition between the rival firms. About the Company HSBC is considered one of the largest financial and banking services providers in the world. The company’s international network is comprised of 7500 offices across 87 nations in Europe, Asia Pacific, America, Middle East and Africa. The company serves more than 100 million customers through its wide range of financial services. Among its major services are Commercial Banking, Personal Financial Services, Global Banking and markets and finally, Private Banking. It is listed in the stock exchanges of London, Paris, New York, Hong Kong, and Bermuda. The company holdings are shared among 220,000 numbers of shareholders across the world located in 124 nations and their territories (HSBC-a, 2011). The company has a unique international pedigree. A number of HSBC’s companies had started operations years ago and they have all attained extreme success and prosperity. The company is named after the founding member, Hong Kong and Shanghai Corporation Limited which was set up in the year 1965 for financing the upcoming trade between Europe and China (HSBC-a, 2011). Industry Analysis The global financial industry including banks suffered a major setback after the advent of the financial crisis that engulfed t he entire financial markets. After a period of continuous slowdown the banking industry is expected to witness positive growth rates following improvements in the overall macroeconomic outlook of the world. This was mainly possible because of the strong support provided by the governments to bailout the financial institutions who were on the brink of a severe crisis. A study by the Boston Consulting group pegs the total value of market capitalisation of the global banking industry at 6.4 trillion US dollars which is more than double of the figures of the previous years. The total shareholder returns offered by the banking industry was at its highest since the onset of global recession in 2003 and as valued at 47.1 percent (The Boston Consulting Group, 2010, p.1-2). Figure 1: World Economic Outlook Projections (Source: Reserve Bank of India, 2011, p.17) The figure above indicates a strong positive outlook for the forthcoming years. The interesting part of this is that along with the developing economies the positive trend can also be traced to the developed economies who bore the maximum brunt of the economic recession (Reserve Bank of India, 2011, p.15-20). The analysis of the markets reveals a situation of

Writing Assignment #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Writing Assignment #2 - Essay Example The debate over possible government breakups of Internet companies began with a recently published book that also chronicles how monopolies in the information industry are almost always caused by government meddling. The book is "The Master Switch" by Tim Wu, a Columbia law professor who coined the term "network neutrality." Setting aside for a moment Mr. Wus call for more aggressive regulation of the Web, he is right that over the past century what he calls "information empires" have hijacked what start out as open systems, almost always with government regulation at fault. "Every few decades," Mr. Wu writes, "a new communications technology appears, bright with promise and possibility." There is innovation but also chaos, as new business models disrupt old ones. The result often is that "the markets invisible hand waves in some great mogul" who promises a more orderly structure for the industry. "Usually enlisting the federal government, this kind of mogul is special for he defines a new type of industry, integrated and centralized." Consider these examples: Telephone. In 1913, the American Telephone & Telegraph Co. asked the federal government to regulate it, in the hopes of creating a monopoly on long-distance service that would let it over time crush local independent providers. With the slogan of "One system, one policy, universal service," AT&T got government-set rates that ensured it strong rates of return for decades while limiting competitors. As Mr. Wu says, "Imagine Microsoft in the 1990s asking the states and the Clinton Justice Department to determine the price of installing Windows or Google today requesting federal guidelines for its search engine." AT&T wasnt broken up until 1984. Radio. In the 1920s, radio was an open medium of unrestricted, competitive communications. Church groups, universities and hobbyists launched radio stations catering to hundreds of different communities of interest. But by the late 1920s,

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Health And Social Care Essay

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Health And Social Care Essay Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is an incapacitating multifarious disorder that renders the victim fatigued for longer periods. It has been realized that this kind of disorder is not solved by bed rest and is usually aggravated by mental and physical activities. People suffering from CFS have been seen to be unable to perform tasks that they were to do it comfortably before the illness. The most noticeable features of this disorder include pain in the muscle, weakness, impaired memory, and poor concentration. In addition, the victims are generally weak and some of them show evidences of insomnia (Bell, 1995). This disorder may persist for a long period. Diagnostic tests have not been able to clearly point out the possible causes of this disorder. This is because of the fact that some illnesses have symptoms related to this disorder and we cannot confine those symptoms to this particular disorder alone (Verrillo, Gellman, 1988). Any infection to the immune system taken to be the possi ble cause of CFS and microorganism play a major role in causing it. Any form of immune-suppression is also seen a factor that compromises an individual to this disorder (Fisher et al 1997). Introduction Absence of specific diagnostic characteristic features of CFS, a criterion has been formulated that helps physicians in detecting the disorder. One of the most commonly used criteria is the one that requires the victim to show the possible symptoms for a period of more than six months. This is because the physician will have had enough time to diagnose other possible ailments and thereby reaching the point of excluding the disorder much easily (Murdoch Denz-Penhey, 2002). Additionally, the patient is expected to show any of the four symptoms, which may include frequently occurring sore throat, muscle pain, impairment of the patient to the extent of affecting the normal economic activities of the patient and unrefreshing sleep (Lisman Dougherty, 2007). Other symptoms that can be used include pain in all the joints of the body, severe headache that recurs in some pattern, and post-exertional depression. The purpose of this study is to find out some of the predisposing factors for thi s disorder. Additionally, the causes, symptoms, ways of diagnosing this disease will be identified (Moss-Morris Petrie, 2000). Suggested treatments will be provided so that the healthy population can know more on how to avoid this disorder. Various studies have been carried with the intention of trying to find ways of finding definite symptoms for this disorder. One of these studies was carried out in 1993 with the intention of improving on the ways of diagnosing the disease as it had been decided earlier in 1988. The aim of the study in 1993 was to reinvent new strategies of that can lead to faster diagnosis of the disorder (Lisman Dougherty, 2007). Some of the recommendations from the researches at that time was to classify the fatigue to different levels as can be depicted by the victims. Those with less than six months infection for instance were classified as having chronic fatigue while those with more than six months symptoms were classified as having relapsing fatigue. The patients could also be classified as having gradual or sudden fatigue, among other distinguishing parameters (Fisher et al 1997). A number of predisposing factors have been identified as it regards to CFS. It is also important to note the greater portion of the American population have similar symptoms related to this disorder but cannot be classified as CFS (Meirleir Patarca-Montero, 2000). Some of the factors that promote the risks of having the disorder include age, gender, and socioeconomic groups. It has been found that CFS affects women at a higher rate four times than men (Voncannon, 2002). In addition, individuals with the age between 40 to 50 years have been found to be having CFS. It is also important to note that children can be found with the disorder especially in their teen years and this show that the disease affects any age (Fisher et al 1997). Some of the important symptoms for CFS include prolonged fatigue that extends to a period over six months. Such a fatigue is not reduced by any amount of rest. Other notable characteristics of this disorder include post-exertional disquiet, pain in the muscles, pain in the multiple joints, lack of concentration, sleep that does not refresh, and headache that comes with some pattern (Englebienne, 2002). Additionally, the throat the regularly becomes sore and presence swellings in the lymph, chronic cough, nausea, weight loss, skin sensations, and jaw pain. Psychological problems, shortness of breath, and chest pain are also important symptoms of the disease (Moss-Morris Petrie, 2000). A number of factors makes it hard for physicians to diagnose CFS and includes the lack of laboratory diagnostic technique or biomarkers. Other reasons include the fact that fatigue is a common symptom for all other illnesses, patients do not look sick while the pattern of illness is not constant. This has led to the low level of diagnosis for this particular disorder. Exclusion technique is the best method to diagnose CFs disorder due to lack blood tests or scans for the brain (Leonard, 1997). Diagnosis has to be carried out for period extending six months where the patient can report sufficient evidence of being constantly tired. The physician has to take enough history of the illness of the patient who may be suspected of having CFS (Royal College of Physicians of London, 1997). Medical history has to be reviewed also in order to identify and rule out the possible illnesses that might have been the cause of the fatigue. This is done until CFS is ultimately pointed out. The physicia n can later develop a treatment for the patient. It is also possible for patients to diagnose themselves by eliminating the possible causes of the illnesses just like physician (Englebienne, 2002). The process of managing the chronic CFS is very tricky just like the diagnosis itself because of the variety of the symptoms. Currently, there is no drug or cure for this disorder and such factors complicate the treatment process (Demitrack Abbey, 1999). This means that the best way of managing it by developing an individualized treatment plan for every patient. The best plan comprises a collection of therapies each aimed at managing the symptoms shown by the patient. Input by range medical professional experts is the best solution and when this is coupled with the treatment of other illnesses then the disorder can be managed easily (Lisman Dougherty, 2007). Living with CFS is very tricky and having the chronic type can result in significant devastating effects on the victim. Some of the challenges facing the success of treating CFS include the change and predictability of the symptoms, variations in the stamina that interferes with someone elseà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s a ctivities, altered memory, loss of independence, and potential impacts on decreased sexual activities among couples (Bell, 1995). Some of the treatment options that is available for CFS and they include professional counseling, cognitive behavioral therapy, and symptomatic treatment. Additionally, pharmacologic therapy, sleep hygiene, pain therapy, and use of antidepressants can help in suppressing the effects of CFS (Demitrack Abbey, 1999). It is however important to keep in mind the fact that the disorder affects individuals in a different way. Some people may be paralyzed for good while others can recover fully from the disorder (Verrillo, Gellman, 1988). It is also hard to obtain accurate results as it regard the number of individuals who have recovered from CFS. Natural remedies can also be employed to boost an individualà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s body energy thereby suppressing chronic fatigue (Leonard, 1997). Variety of products can be used and they include magnesium injection of muscles with low red blood cells magnesium, taking meals rich in fish oil, and melatonin. Other remedies that have show positive response in suppressing the effects of chronic fatigue syndrome include taking of melatonin, ribose, and NADH rich food (Patarca-Montero, 1999). The studies carried on the foods are however, limited and no accurate data can be easily found. Some of the drugs used to counter the effects of chronic fatigue disorder include the use of corticosteroids, and cholinesterase inhibitors like the galantamine (Fisher et al 1997). Methylphenidate like Ritalin, which is a psychostimulant that is used to increase the levels of neurotransmitters thereby helping individuals with attention-deficit disorder, can be used. Some lifestyle techniques can also be employed to counter this disorder and this includes developing a plan that will help is stress reduction, ensuring that the patient gets enough slee p, exercising regularly and maintaining healthy lifestyle. The lifestyle includes eating balanced diets, drinking plenty of fluids, limiting caffeine intake, and participating in aerobics (Meirleir Mcgregor, 2003). Conclusion Chronic fatigue syndrome is more than just being tired because the affected individual is interfered from performing their daily activities in a normal way. Other individuals have been forced to quit high paying jobs, several disabled and others bedridden. The nature of this illness shows that it is even hard to diagnose it (Bell, 1995). Trial and error method of eliminating other possible ailments complicates the diagnostic process. The best remedy therefore is for individuals to live the kind of lifestyles that do not promotes the predisposing factors of the disorder (Voncannon, 2002). This includes living the kind of lifestyle that discourages the development of the disorder. It is also important for physicians to improve their way of diagnosing the disease so that they can be able to come up with comprehensive treatment strategies (Meirleir Patarca-Montero, 2000).

Violence in Youth Sports Essay -- essays papers

Violence in Youth Sports A calm Saturday afternoon at the sports fields, wind blowing, sun shining down, not a cloud in the sky. This is quite possible the perfect day, that is, until they start. The one parent in the back of the crowd or off to the side, the one that argues every call, screams at their own child, and even goes so far as to taunt the other team’s players. This once scarce phenomenon of parents getting out of control has escalated to new levels not only in the number of incidents, but also in the level of severity of these incidents. When children sign up for sports they do it to be with friends, to have fun, and to learn the fundamentals of the game, however this is not what they are getting and this new parental behavior is killing youth sports. It is documented that 14 million of the 20 million kids that play sports starting around age four will quit by age 13, most kids give the same two reasons, negative parents and negative coaches. These adults have turned sports into a n egative, joyless experience. What are these events that are happening, what is causing them to happen, and perhaps most importantly what can be done stop this growing trend in parental violence at youth sporting events? Though some sports are more violent that others as far as play goes, the rising level of violence has not been limited to any particular sport, ranging from non-contact sports like swimming and baseball to contact sports like soccer, football, and hockey. During a girls hockey game in Canada last year a 40 year old man aimed a laser pointer into the eyes of three of his daughter’s opponents, causing them to leave the ice complaining of headaches and flu-like symptoms. The man pleaded guilty in court to mischief and was banned from attending future games. In Pennsylvania a policeman gave a 10-year-old little league pitcher two dollars for hitting an opponent with a fastball, earning him a conviction for the corruption of a minor and solicitation to commit simple assault. In another incident involving a man of the law, a former corrections officer assaulted a 16-year-old referee at a flag football game for six and seven year olds in Nebraska. The tape of the incident shows the 6’3† 250 pound father poking the youth in the chest, when the 160 pound referee tried to defend himself by slapping away the father’s hand, the father punched him t... ...orts fields, pools, and rinks might resemble something out of a Jerry Springer show, if not worse. Parents are ruining the sports that they themselves grew up loving and enjoying, and for what reason, to get one more chance at the greatness that they never achieved? Parents need to understand that kids play sports to have fun, they need to take the perspective of a child and see what their inappropriate behavior is doing, not only to the child, but to the game, and youth sports in general. Most incidents that occur at sporting events do not make the headlines, but that too was true of school violence until the massacre at Columbine High School, let us all hope that this is not the tipping point of American youth sports. As supporters of youth sports we must hope that the incident in Reading, Massachusetts will not be the opening of the floodgates that will let forth the stream of bloodshed on our sports fields. Bibliography: 1. Newsmagazine (Alberta Edition), 10-09-00, Vol.27 Issue 11, p50. 2. Sports Illustrated, 7-24-00, Vol.93 Issue 4, p86. 3. U.S. News and World Report, 7-24-00, vol.129 Issue 4, p28. 4. Varsity Blues, Music Television Productions, 1998.

Interpersonal deception theory Essay

The interpersonal deception theory’s presence throughout Martin Scorsese’s film, The Departed, is made abundantly clear through the interactions between the characters. Two of the main characters, Agent Sullivan and William, both lie in order to do their jobs, and to just survive. These characters exhibit the three dominant deception theories – falsification, concealment, and equivocation, as well as utilizing eye contact, either purposely or not. The interpersonal deception theory attempts to explain the manner in which two people who are engaged in face-to-face communication deal with deception. It is possible to detect deception from verbal and nonverbal cues. There are three dominant deception theories – falsification, concealment, and equivocation. Falsification is when one individual, the â€Å"sender†, blatantly lies to another individual, the â€Å"receiver. † Concealment is when the sender omits certain facts; this results in deception. Equivocation is when the sender skirts the issues by changing the subject (Hearn 2006). In Martin Scorsese’s film The Departed, William, the undercover officer working with Frank Costello, and Agent Sullivan, the detective who is helping Frank Costello, both exhibit dominant deception theories. Both lie throughout the entire film; William is a good guy pretending to be bad, while Agent Sullivan is a bad guy pretending to be good. Both are fairly good at lying, however, there are small, somewhat tell-tale signs that they are being deceptive. Agent Sullivan is a detective with the Massachusetts State Police. When he was a boy, a local criminal, Frank Costello, helped him out, and the two had been friends ever since. When Sullivan became a detective on a case where the police were trying to capture Costello, Sullivan did everything he could to help Costello. Because of his two-faced nature, he had to lie to his girlfriend, Madolyn, and the men he worked with, including his boss. Agent Sullivan worked his deception on those around him in two obvious ways – concealment and equivocation. The first example is of equivocation. About half way through the film, Sullivan got a phone call from Costello, and Madolyn answered the phone. When Sullivan got off the phone, Madolyn asked him who had called him. Sullivan told her that it was his boss. She knew he was lying to her, so he skirted the issue by saying that there are things about his job that he could not tell her, things that she did not even want to know. He even tried to make a joke about her questions interfering with an ongoing investigation. He successfully got her mind off of the actual issue at hand, the issue of the mysterious caller. The example of concealment is demonstrated throughout the film in regards to Agent Sullivan. Sullivan spends the entire film trying not to be found out as the man Costello has in the police department. When things start to really unravel, Sullivan is assigned to find the leak in the department, and he actually takes on the task. From here on out, Sullivan works hard to continue to conceal his true identity. William was working for the Massachusetts State Police as an undercover cop. He did not successfully complete the training at the Police Academy, but he wanted to be a cop. No one knew he was working for the police department except for two high-ranking officers. William became a trusted friend of Frank Costello while investigating him. This gave William the edge he needed to capture Costello, but deceiving Costello could have proved to be deadly. William worked his deception on Costello in two ways – falsification and concealment. In a scene where Costello wanted to talk to William about a â€Å"rat† in the operation, William flat-out lied to him, telling Costello that he was not the rat. William knew that Costello suspected him of being the rat, but William kept denying it. Costello began to believe him. William successfully lied his way out of a potentially deadly situation. William also used the trick of concealment to his advantage. He, first and foremost, concealed his identity, not only from Costello and his gang, but also from other officers in the police department. No one in the police department knew that he was working undercover. Because he did not graduate from the Police Academy, William was not a real police officer. Because of this, he went virtually undetected. William’s concealment of his true identity was successful, until Costello wanted his real name, social security number, and bank account numbers. It was then that William knew he had to find a way out. From here on out, things began to fall apart. Both Agent Sullivan’s and William’s deception could have been detected. Most individuals believe that they can tell when a person is lying to them. They can detect deception by listening and watching the sender. Signs such as eye contact/rapid eye movement, body rigidity, and fidgeting can be tell-tale signs of when an individual is trying to deceive another individual. Eye contact is held as the number one indicator of truth or deception. Most believe that if an individual holds strong eye contact, then that person is being truthful. On the other hand, if one’s eyes move rapidly, or one cannot look another in the eye while talking to them, it is an indication of deception. Law enforcement interviewers and interrogators believe that when a person is not being truthful, they will break eye contact and either look to the right or to the left. This belief, however, is not substantiated (Walters 2000). Although proven an unreliable means of detecting deception, this does not stop Scorsese from implementing this strategy when it comes to Agent Sullivan’s behavior. Agent Sullivan’s behavior, if paid attention to, would have alerted anyone to his deception. For example, Sullivan never made complete eye contact while lying. He does make good eye contact when he says that Costello has a man in the police department, because that information is true. However, when he says that he is working on finding out who it is, he looks briefly at the floor. Sullivan breaks eye contact, an indication that he is lying. In actuality, Sullivan himself is the man Costello has in the police department, so Sullivan has no intention of finding out who the rat is. Another example of Agent Sullivan’s odd behavior is at the sting. Sullivan calls Costello to inform him that he is being watched by the police. Later, Sullivan finds out that the FBI is present and is monitoring cellular phone activity. Sullivan begins to sneak nervous glances around the room, looking to see if anyone has detected his involvement with Costello. In the scene where William meets Costello for a discussion on who the â€Å"rat† is, William makes deliberate, strong eye contact. Unlike Agent Sullivan, when William lies to Costello, William looks him straight in the eye and does not waiver. William is nervous about meeting with Costello, but he carries himself as though he is in control of the situation. Although William was nervous, he does not back down from Costello. This forces Costello to back down and to take William’s word that he is not the rat at face value. It is generally believed that when someone breaks eye contact with the person they are talking to, they could be lying. However, when someone makes deliberate eye contact, that could mean that they are trying to conceal the fact that they are indeed lying. Deliberate eye contact also means that the person maintaining strong eye contact is trying to maintain dominance or control over the person he is speaking with. This is done is such a way that the receiver would not even think about questioning the accuracy of the sender’s words (Walters 2000). This is how William wins over Costello. The term â€Å"leakage† is used to refer to any behavior outside of a deceiver’s conscious controls that could signal dishonesty. These signals could include the formerly mentioned body rigidity and fidgeting (Schneider 2007). For example, when Agent Sullivan is at the sting, after he found out that the FBI were monitoring cellular phone activity, he sits very still, only moving his head to glance around the room. His body seems to become very rigid, perched uncomfortably on a table. He also seems to be fidgeting inside his coat pocket. In actuality, however, he is sending a text message to Costello that says, â€Å"no phones. † Sullivan could have â€Å"leaked† his involvement with Costello if someone had been paying attention. The characters of Agent Sullivan and William exhibit falsification, concealment, and equivocation. The use of eye contact, both deliberate and not, make the characters more human. All of the signs of dishonesty that these two characters exhibited made the viewer believe that those characters were real. Both characters’ deceptions could have been seen through, like most people’s deceptions, but they were not detected. They carried their burdens well, working their hardest to not only do their jobs, but to survive.

Cryogenics Definition and Uses

Cryogenics Definition and Uses Cryogenics is defined as the scientific study of materials and their behavior at extremely low temperatures. The word comes from the Greek cryo, which means cold, and genic, which means producing. The term is usually encountered in the context of physics, materials science, and  medicine. A scientists who studies cryogenics is called a cryogenicist. A cryogenic material may be termed a cryogen. Although cold temperatures may be reported using any temperature scale, the Kelvin and Rankine scales are most common because they are absolute scales that have positive numbers. Exactly how cold a substance has to be to be considered cryogenic is a matter of some debate by the scientific community. The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) considers cryogenics to include temperatures below  Ã¢Ë†â€™180  °C (93.15 K; −292.00  °F), which is a temperature above which common refrigerants (e.g., hydrogen sulfide, freon) are gases and below which permanent gases (e.g., air, nitrogen, oxygen, neon, hydrogen, helium) are liquids. There is also a field of study called high temperature cryogenics, which involves temperatures above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen at ordinary pressure (−195.79  °C (77.36 K; −320.42  °F), up to −50  °C (223.15 K; −58.00  °F). Measuring the temperature of cryogens requires special sensors. Resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) are used to take temperature measurements as low as 30 K. Below 30 K, silicon diodes are often used. Cryogenic particle detectors are sensors that operate a few degrees above absolute zero and are used to detect photons and elementary particles. Cryogenic liquids are typically stored in devices called Dewar flasks. These are double-walled containers that have a vacuum between the walls for insulation. Dewar flasks intended for use with extremely cold liquids (e.g., liquid helium) have an additional insulating container filled with liquid nitrogen. Dewar flasks are named for their inventor, James Dewar. The flasks allow gas to escape the container to prevent pressure buildup from boiling that could lead to an explosion. Cryogenic Fluids The following fluids are most often used in cryogenics: Fluid Boiling Point (K) Helium-3 3.19 Helium-4 4.214 Hydrogen 20.27 Neon 27.09 Nitrogen 77.36 Air 78.8 Fluorine 85.24 Argon 87.24 Oxygen 90.18 Methane 111.7 Uses of Cryogenics There are several applications of cryogenics. It is used to produce cryogenic fuels for rockets, including liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen (LOX). The strong electromagnetic fields needed for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are usually produced by supercooling electromagnets with cryogens. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an application of NMR that uses liquid helium. Infrared cameras frequently require cryogenic cooling. Cryogenic freezing of food is used to transport or store large quantities of food. Liquid nitrogen is used to produce fog for special effects and even specialty cocktails and food. Freezing materials using cryogens can make them brittle enough to be broken into small pieces for recycling. Cryogenic temperatures are used to store tissue and blood specimens and to preserve experimental samples. Cryogenic cooling of superconductors may be used to increase electric power transmission for big cities. Cryogenic processing is used as part of some alloy treatments and to facilitate low temperature chemical reactions (e.g., to make statin drugs). Cryomilling is used to mill materials that may be too soft or elastic to be milled at ordinary temperatures. Cooling of molecules (down to hundreds of nano Kelvins) may be used to form exotic states of matter. The Cold Atom Laboratory (CAL) is an instrument designed for use in microgravity to form Bose Einstein condensates (around 1 pico Kelvin temperature) and test laws of quantum mechanics and other physics principles. Cryogenic Disciplines Cryogenics is a broad field that encompasses several disciplines, including: Cryonics - Cryonics is the cryopreservation of animals and humans with the goal of reviving them in the future. Cryosurgery - This is a branch of surgery in which cryogenic temperatures are used to kill unwanted or malignant tissues, such as cancer cells or moles. Cryoelectronics - This is the study of superconductivity, variable-range hopping, and other electronic phenomena at low temperature. The practical application of cryoelectronics is called cryotronics. Cryobiology - This is the study of the effects of low temperatures on organisms, including the preservation of organisms, tissue, and genetic material using cryopreservation. Cryogenics Fun Fact While cryogenics usually involves temperature below the freezing point of liquid nitrogen yet above that of absolute zero, researchers have achieved temperatures below absolute zero (so-called negative Kelvin temperatures). In 2013 Ulrich Schneider at the University of Munich (Germany) cooled gas below absolute zero, which reportedly made it hotter instead of colder! Sources Braun, S., Ronzheimer, J. P., Schreiber, M., Hodgman, S. S., Rom, T., Bloch, I., Schneider, U. (2013) Negative Absolute Temperature for Motional Degrees of Freedom.  Science  339,  52–55.Gantz, Carroll (2015). Refrigeration: A History. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland Company, Inc. p. 227. ISBN 978-0-7864-7687-9.  Nash, J. M.  (1991) Vortex Expansion Devices for High Temperature Cryogenics. Proc. of the 26th Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, Vol. 4, pp. 521–525.

The Carnival Cruise Lines Today Tourism Essay Essay Example

The Carnival Cruise Lines Today Tourism Essay Essay Example The Carnival Cruise Lines Today Tourism Essay Paper The Carnival Cruise Lines Today Tourism Essay Paper Carnival Cruise Lines is a planetary sail company and one of the largest holiday companies in the world.A CCL generates all of its grosss from the sail industry. The company s wide-ranging merchandise offerings provide invitees with exceeding holiday experiences at an outstanding value. The success in supplying quality sail holidaies has made CCL the most profitable company in the leisure travel industry. Carnival Cruise Line s stock is dually listed on both the New York Stock Exchange and on the London Stock Exchange under symbol CCL. It is the lone company in the universe to be included in both the S A ; P 500 index in the United States and the FTSE 100 index in the United Kingdom ( Carnival Corporation A ; PLC, 2012 ) . Carnival Cruise Lines operates a fleet of 100 ships, with another seven ships scheduled for bringing between now and March 2016. With about 200,000 invitees and 77,000 shipboard employees, there are more than 277,000 people sailing aboard CCL s fleet at any given clip ( Carnival Corporation A ; PLC, 2012 ) . For the intent of our study it is important to understand how the Carnival Cruise Lines Corporation works today. We need to understand how the assorted facets of the concern are set up and how they work together. Merely after a true apprehension of the current state of affairs, we can come with proposals for betterment and bespeak the impact on current ways of working. In literature one can ticket many theoretical accounts that can be used to look at an organisation with an internal position. In appendix X we provide an overview of some direction theoretical accounts we have found in literature, with an account why, when and how it should be used. Since our study needs to cover the execution of a new IT direction scheme, we have decided to utilize McKinsey s 7S theoretical account as shown in figure Ten. This theoretical account, developed in the 1980 s, involves 7 factors, which can be categorized as difficult and soft elements. Difficult elements can be identified and influenced more easy. They would be driven by the organisation charts and describing lines within the concern and they may include the systems you use to acquire work done. Soft elements are, by their very nature, more hard to pull off and may be affected by the civilization of the organisation. But you have to use yourself to these every bit much as the difficult elements, as they provide the support construction for the successful execution of any alteration, and they are all interdependent on each other. Figure 7S model ( McKinsey ) The difficult elements in the 7S-model are Strategy, Structure and Systems ; the soft elements are Style, Shared Values, Skills and Staff. In order to understand the 7S-model better a brief account is given below. Difficult elements of the 7S-model: StrategyA by utilizing mission and vision the organisation s aims become clear. StructureA how is the organisation structured and which hierarchal beds are at that place SystemsA all formal and informal methods of operation, processs and communicating flows Soft elements of the 7S-model: StyleA this is about leading and direction manners Shared valuesA the criterions and values and other signifiers of moralss within an organisation in which vision, corporate civilization and individuality are the cardinal elements SkillsA these concern both the accomplishments of the organisation and those of the employees StaffA this is about the employees, their competencies and occupation descriptions In add-on to the above elements we added two paragraphs specifically on Information Management and Risk Management to give a complete overview of the state of affairs of Carnival Cruise Lines today. 2.1 Strategy of CCL The mission of Carnival Cruise Lines is to take the universe on holiday and present exceeding experiences through many of the universe s best-known sail trade names that cater to a assortment of different geographic parts and life styles, all at an outstanding value unrivaled on land or at sea ( Carnival Corporation A ; PLC, 2012 ) . The vision statement of CCL is the undermentioned: to systematically present merriment, memorable holidaies at a repetition value ( Carnival Corporation A ; PLC, 2012 ) . Derived from this mission and vision, Carnival Cruise Lines has set up the following strategic aims: to be the taking sail operator in allA sections entered and to keep the most up-to-date fleet of sail ships in the universe to develop new cruiseA sections and advanced sail bundles to make a larger figure of possible andA past patrol cars employ sophisticated promotional attempts toA achieve a greater consciousness by the publicA refering the handiness and afford ability ofA sail travel pull the first-time and younger patrol cars ( Carnival ) , experient patrol cars ( Holland America ) , upscale patrol cars ( Seaborne ) , and patrol cars desiring a seafaring holiday ( Windstar ) promote sails as anA alternate toA land-based holidaies supply a assortment of activities every bit good as ports of call be advanced in all respects of operations of the ship. All enterprises that are taken by Carnival Cruise Lines demand to be in line with the mission, vision and strategic aims ( Carnival Corporation A ; PLC, 2012 ) . With respect to the scheme of Carnival Cruise Lines the undermentioned strengths can be identified: Strengths Failings Dominant market portion Strong acquisition scheme Comprehensive portfolio ( aim groups ) Strength Dominant market portion The biggest strength of Carnival Cruise Lines is its immense graduated table and range. The company is twice every bit big as its biggest rival and competes in about every market and section worldwide ( Appendix X ) . This gives CCL tremendous power over the sail industry as a whole. It enables the company to set about undertakings that grow the industry, gives it a platform for continued amalgamations and acquisitions activity, and helps CCL negotiate with major makers of sail ships ( Levin, Jones, A ; Slade, 2011 ) . In all enterprises and undertakings that are undertaken by the company, the inducement is ever to maintain that dominant market portion and even to turn it farther. CCL wants to be a leader, and this will be reflected in direction determinations. Strength Strong acquisition scheme Carnival Cruise Lines has the ability to obtain companies through acquisitions. By utilizing an acquisition scheme, the Corporation has been able to place itself in each geographical market in the universe and rank itself as figure one in the cruising sector. However, this strength besides consequences in a extremely decentralized IT landscape, as described in paragraph 2.8. Strength Comprehensive portfolio ( aim groups ) The corporation has a big fleet capacity and operates 10s of the most recognizable sail trade name names. CCL s portfolio of trade name names entreaties to about every niche market, from budget minded, modern-day to luxury sails ( Marketingteacher, 2012 ) . Each sail line operates globally and is targeted at one or more nationalities ( Appendix X ) . This is linked to the fact that CCL wants to be the leader in the cruising industry and wants to maintain the dominant market portion. 2.2 Structure of CCL Carnival Cruise Lines Corporation A ; plc has two chief central offices, Carnival Place in the US and Carnival House in the UK. The constitutional Corporation and plc are separate listed companies with different stockholder organic structures, but they jointly own all the operating companies in the group. Both central offices have their ain direction squad, scheme, and IT organisation. Within Carnival Cruise Lines every trade name is seen as a separate concern unit, with its ain net income and loss statement. With respect to the construction of Carnival Cruise Lines the undermentioned strengths and failings can be identified: Strengths Failings Strong fiscal place Clear focal point on cost leading Strong selling Decentralization of concern operations Decreasing net income Over-dependence on US market Strength Strong fiscal place Carnival Cruise Lines is one of the most profitable cruising companies. The company s mean net income ( FY2005 to FY2009 ) amounted to 18.1 % compared to the industry criterion of 6.3 % ( Marketingteacher, 2012 ) . The house is double listed on the New York Stock Exchange and the London Stock Exchange under the symbol CCL. Since the company is double listed, it has the ability to raise more financess from investor than its rivals. With this besides comes greater stableness due to different markets being affected by different economic happenings, political issues, and society s positions ( Levin, Jones, A ; Slade, 2011 ) . Due to the strong fiscal place, CCL has a certain luxury to take strategic of import and cutting border determinations and, at the same clip, put the necessary financess to do it possible. Strength Clear focal point on cost leading Carnival Cruise Lines has a clear focal point on Cost Leadership, i.e. CCL offers its merchandise to the mass market. Therefore the highest focal point is put on the monetary value and maintaining the monetary value every bit low as possible. Once the client is on board the ship, extra gross is created by holding the client wage for everything that was non covered in the basal monetary value. CCL is such a big company that it has important cost advantages over most of its rivals. Unlike Royal Caribbean where the focal point is on presenting the best client experience ( Appendix X, interview Vicki Freed ) , the focal point at CCL is more on supplying the best sail for the lowest sum. Additional grosss are generated one time a client is onboard. Strength Strong selling Carnival Cruise Lines invests explicitly and efficaciously in print and telecasting media. Their publicities target the life styles of each group of clients ( Marketingteacher, 2012 ) . This scheme enables CCL to acquire name acknowledgment in every market section, therefore the different sail lines under the trade name. Failing Decentralization of concern operations Historically, CCL has been run by the Arison household as a alliance of mostly independent concerns. Each sail line mostly manages its ain clients, selling, distribution, gross revenues, ports, and logistics. This attack has had benefits: internal competition means that each line operates better than any would in isolation. The annual capital planning procedure happens on both the US side as on the UK side, which might take to duplicate of attempt. The concern operations of the sail lines are non centrally managed. Better coordination of these concern operations could bring forth extra benefits for Carnival Cruise Lines ( Levin, Jones, A ; Slade, 2011 ) . Figure Organization chart Carnival Cruise Lines Figure X gives the high-ranking organisation chart of CCL. On the left manus side all the 10 trade names with their presidents are listed, with a direct line to Mickey Arison. As stated above, although there is a direct coverage line to Mickey Arison, every trade name is managed as a concern unit with its ain net income and loss. On right manus side all the back uping maps, such as HR, legal, IT, aˆÂ ¦ are listed with their CxO or caput of section. These sections have a direct coverage line to Mickey Arison every bit good, but in every concern unit there is an ain representation of each back uping map with a coverage line to the president of the trade name. The communicating between the concern unit representation and the CxO of the back uping map is non ever seamless, which can take to duplicate of attempt. Failing Decreasing net income The net income of CCL has diminished over the last old ages. The net net income was $ 1,790 million in FY2009, a lessening of 23.2 % as compared to 2008. The net income recovered some in 2010 and 2011 but neer reached the degree of 2008 ( see appendix X ) Another failing is that Carnival Cruise lines studies their fiscal statements in dollars. About half of their gross is generated in a non-US currency, but is reported in footings of US dollars. The value of the dollar against Euro appreciated from 1.60 in January 2010 to 1.53 by April 2010 against the Pound. If the dollar strengthens it would enter a lower gross than is really earned ( Marketingteacher, 2012 ) . The force per unit area on net income will maintain on adding force per unit area on taking the right direction determinations and puting in the right chances. Failing Over-dependence on US market Carnival Cruise Lines derives a bulk of its gross ( about 52 % ) from US clients. In 2009 the gross from the North American market registered a dual digit diminution. The over-dependence on the US market makes CCL vulnerable to the economic fluctuations of the American economic system and this company is dependent on clients disposable income ( Marketingteacher, 2012 ) . All sail companies, CCL every bit good, are traveling their focal point from the US market to Europe and Asia. Particularly in Asia there is a immense growing potency. 2.3 Systems within CCL This paragraph gives a high degree overview of systems as mentioned in the 7S theoretical account: all formal and informal methods of operation, processs and communicating flows. In paragraph 2.8 we focus on Information Technology systems and the current IT landscape. With respect to the systems of Carnival Cruise Lines the undermentioned strengths and failings can be identified: Strengths Failings IT incorporated in company consequences No prioritization procedure in topographic point No benefits tracking No incorporate CRM procedure Strength IT incorporated in company consequences In some companies IT is considered as free of charge, since IT is non incorporated in the company consequences. This leads to a deformed position of company/business unit consequences. However, Carnival Cruise Lines incorporates the costs of IT in the company/business unit consequences, which allows both the company/business unit itself to acquire a more realistic position of the consequences, but besides the market gets a more trusty position of the consequences. This leads to a more positive ranking in the market. Failing No prioritization procedure in topographic point Since every concern unit is set up as an ain net income and loss centre, every concern unit deems their ain undertaking to be the most of import. Presently, there is no prioritization procedure in topographic point on the concern side, which leads to a uninterrupted flow of undertakings that need IT resources. Failing No benefits tracking Many undertakings get kicked off and assure benefits. However there is no procedure in topographic point to mensurate these benefits after the undertaking has been delivered. This allows the concern to maintain on making extra undertakings to present the same thing, once more leting concern addition costs alternatively of cut downing costs. Failing No incorporate CRM procedure Carnival Cruise Lines does non hold an integrated CRM procedure in topographic point for the whole corporation. This leads to the fact that clients from the one sail line are nt recognized as a repetition client with a different sail line within the group, this has an immediate consequence on the pricing for repetition clients. Besides, due to the deficiency of this procedure, the organisation can non aim specific clients groups, based on their old behaviour on the sail, since that information is merely disconnected available. 2.4 Style within CCL The leading manner at Carnival Cruise Lines can be called family-like. This family-like leading manner is a direction manner that Ted Arison already used when he was still maneuvering the company. Ted Arison had a non-hierarchical attack to direction, significance that he delegated a batch of work downwards in the organisation, leting him to supervise the bigger image ( Managementparadise, 2012 ) . With respect to the manner of Carnival Cruise Lines the undermentioned strength can be identified: Strengths Failings Leadership manner authorising people Strength Leadership manner authorising people Peoples with the right accomplishments are hired and are giving the support and room to make their occupations right. Peoples are encouraged to be hands-on and take deliberate hazards. Taking hazards besides means that errors can happen, nevertheless CCL uses a no blasted civilization through which people feel empowered ( Managementparadise, 2012 ) . 2.5 Shared values of CCL Derived from the mission and vision of Carnival Cruise Lines ( see 2.1 ) the company has set some company values that were a high precedence. With respect to the shared values of CCL the undermentioned strengths can be identified: Strengths Failings Strong company values Focus on the environment Strength Strong company values The company values are: honestness, unity, equity, cordial reception and teamwork. The values are deemed of import to make their occupation in a right mode. Strength Focus on the environment Carnival Cruise Lines, as all other sail lines in the industry, takes much pride in the focal point they put on the environment. They invest to a great extent in wellness and safety, both for clients and for employees. There is a really strong focal point on the environment and to work in a greener manner. Charity is besides one of the cardinal constituents of their societal duty scheme. 2.6 Skills at CCL Working in the leisure industry requires some specific accomplishments that you can non ever learn. Most of import accomplishments that person working in the leisure industry would necessitate, are the undermentioned: client focused, empathy, squad work, emphasis immune, multi-cultural, service orientation and multi linguistic. With respect to the accomplishments of Carnival Cruise Lines the undermentioned strengths can be identified: Strengths Failings Strong attending for accomplishments A ; attitude Loyalty plans in topographic point Strength Strong attending for accomplishments A ; attitude Since Carnival Cruise Lines wants to be seen as the sail line that delivers fun, the attitude of the employees is really of import as good. The employees need to be cheerful and enthusiastic. CCL puts great attempt in exciting the coveted accomplishments and attitude of the employees. Strength Loyalty plans in topographic point CCL has its trueness plans in topographic point. The company introduced a new trueness plan in 2012 supplying past invitees with a assortment of value-added benefits and characteristics, including precedence boarding and disembarkation, guaranteed supper nine reserves and dining times, personalized letter paper and custom-designed CCL logo points ( Carnival, 2012 ) . Contrary to what is stated in the concern instance, Carnival Cruise Lines has now its trueness plans in topographic point. 2.7 Staff at CCL Cruise ships typically operate with three categories of crew. The first is the officers: these professionals are extremely paid and given ultimate bid of the ship. The 2nd is entertainers and wait staff: typically lower-paid, but from the same states as the patrol cars that they serve. Finally, most of the ships crew is drawn from developing states. While wage is low, the wage can stand for an attractive chance for these workers, who frequently work 10-month contracts without being able to see their places and households. Employee turnover is high, and few of the crew sees working on a sail ship as a feasible long-run calling. Staff remains 24/7 on board of the ship, have their ain cabins at the lowest two decks of the ship. Lone officers are allowed to blend between invitees, this at particular occasions and in formal garb. Other crew members have dedicated times during which they can be present on guest decks. With respect to the staff of Carnival Cruise Lines the undermentioned strengths can be identified: Strengths Failings Operational excellence A ; experience Endowment development plans in topographic point Strength Operational excellence A ; experience Carnival Cruise Lines has achieved below-industry-average costs and above-average gross historically. This is mostly due to the company s huge experience in owning and operating sails, every bit good as some smart strategic dramas. That advantage makes spread outing into new markets immensely easier for CCL than for a smaller participant or nouveau-riche house. CCL has the largest pool of informations to pull on to find what does and does non work and has the most experient sellers of sails in the universe. These soft advantages let CCL potentially section its clients more expeditiously than rivals ( Levin, Jones, A ; Slade, 2011 ) . Strength Endowment development plans in topographic point CCL has a separate preparation and development section set up in the organisation. The corporation invests to a great extent in coaching of high potencies by giving them larning chances that are fit for their personal demands. 2.8 Information Management The current IT landscape of CCL is much diversified. First of wholly, the IT landscape is split in the shore side systems and the shipboard systems. This split between on shore and shipboard adds a dimension to the complexness of the landscape, since most of the shipboard systems need to be able to pass on to the shore side systems. An extra challenge in the current IT landscape is the usage of bequest systems. Since there are fundamentally merely three chief rivals in the sail industry, there is non truly a seller that specializes in cruise industry systems , therefore all the sail companies use their ain developed systems. Old ages ago, this was non truly a job, but nowadays with the globalisation of industries, restrictions of these bequest systems refrain CCL to be every bit nimble as they would wish to be. Figure X gives a high degree overview of the current IT landscape within Carnival Cruise Lines at the clip of the instance description One can presume that due to acquisition s between 2006 and 2012 this landscape has grown in complexness even more. Another type of systems now in the current landscape which were non described in the instance are the hazard direction and internal control systems. For this CCL uses IBM OpenPages Financial Controls Management and IBM OpenPages Operational Risk Management ( IBM Corporation, 2011 ) . Figure Information systems within CCL With respect to Information Management the undermentioned strength and failings can be identified: Strengths Failings Excellent engagement system for travel agents Decentralized systems Bequest systems No overview of undertaking portfolio Weak resource direction TCO for IT non in topographic point Outsourcing degree 2 A ; 3 support hard Strength Excellent engagement system for travel agents From a travel agent s position CCL is easy to make concern with: travel agents will state that Carnival is much easier to work with than Royal ( Appendix X, interview Vicky Freed ) . Carnival Cruise Lines has upgraded the engagement engine within its travel agent web portal, to assist agents salvage clip when booking reserves online. A streamlined and simplified procedure for pull offing engagements, every bit good as an synergistic toolbar that provides easier pilotage between different constituents of the engagement engine, do it easier for agents to book sails for their clients. In add-on to an wholly new design and pilotage, the upgraded engagement engine offers convenient links to several applications ( Travel Agent Central, 2012 ) . The updated engagement engine is designed to reflect the changing concern theoretical accounts of travel agents and represents the latest sweetening to this comprehensive portal which serves as a one-stop-shop for travel agents to carry through all of their gross revenues and selling demands ( Lynn Torrent, senior frailty president of gross revenues and guest services CCL ) . Failing Decentralized systems The decentalisation within Carnival Cruise Lines translates into a decentalisation of systems as good. Decisions are nt ever communicated from one sail line to the other, which leads to duplicate of attempt. This decentalisation of the concern organisation translates to the IT organisation every bit good. Every trade name has its ain IT section with ain systems and substructure. Failing Bequest systems There are many legacy systems. Since there are nt many participants in the cruising sector, most of the strategic of import applications are custom made. This leads to a spaghetti landscape in which integrating is really hard and which affects the clip to market significantly. Failing No overview of undertaking portfolio Undertakings can get down within a concern unit or on a corporate degree within CCL. Since the concern is set up in separate concern units, with their ain IT departments, there is a batch of duplicate of attempt. There in non one planetary IT Program Management Office that oversees all the current undertakings and their demands for IT. This has both an impact on the IT resource direction as on the IT landscape that runs the hazard to acquire even more diversified. Failing Weak resource direction Due to the deficiency of a prioritization procedure for undertakings, the first-in-first-out rule is frequently used, this means that resources get allocated either to the undertaking that came in the grapevine foremost or either to the undertaking that has a concern proprietor or undertaking director who is really persuasive. Without the prioritization procedure in topographic point, it is really hard for the IT direction to make up ones mind where to apportion resources to. The deficiency of prioritization leads to defeat on the concern side, because there is the perceptual experience that IT is non able to present in clip. Failing TCO for IT non in topographic point To truly understand the entire cost of IT for the concern all costs of IT should be made transparent and apprehensible for any concern proprietor. Currently CCL has no entire cost of ownership for IT in topographic point. Reasons for non holding TCO for IT in topographic point are assorted ; it is really hard to truly acquire cost like web transparent, an IT service catalogue needs to be in topographic point, IT direction needs to be committed, aˆÂ ¦ However implementing TCO for IT will assist the IT direction acquire the battalion of costs as a consequence of duplicate of attempt seeable to the concern. Failing Outsourcing degree 2 A ; 3 support hard As already stated above, most of the applications of CCL are custom made. This in-house development induces resources with a really specific cognition. Often, this cognition is both on the system side as on the concern procedure side and hence confidential. Outsourcing degree 2 and 3 support is really hard, due to these specific cognition. 2.9 Risk Management Enterprise Risk Management is a procedure, effected by an entity s board of managers, direction and other forces, applied in scheme scene and across the endeavor, designed to place possible events that may impact the entity, and manage hazard to be within its hazard appetency, to supply sensible confidence sing the accomplishment of entity aims ( COSO, 2004 ) . Organizations which manage hazard efficaciously and expeditiously are more likely to accomplish their ends and to accomplish this at a lower overall cost. Risk direction is hence good direction. Risk direction should be a multi-faceted subject: frequently referred to as endeavor, integrated, holistic or practical hazard direction ( The Institute of Risk Management, 2012 ) . The aim of a hazard direction model is to assist guarantee that appropriate proficient and administrative controls are identified and implemented to protect information resources and assist guarantee continuity of concern operations ( Hillson, 2006 ) . With respect to Risk Management the undermentioned strengths and failings can be identified for CCL: Strengths Failings Enterprise Risk Management in topographic point Good models Strong focal point on security A ; privateness ordinances Poor safety record Strength Enterprise Risk Management in topographic point Carnival Cruise Lines has introduced the Enterprise Risk Management ( ERM ) plan. This plan is designed to place, buttocks, manage and describe the most important concern and strategic hazards faced by the company to senior direction and the Board of Directors. The ERM plan is overseen by a squad within the Corporate Risk Advisory A ; Assurance Services Department, based in the Miami central office. CCL besides maintains onsite squads at each of its trade names, in order to remain aligned with the corporation s by and large decentralized direction construction and to develop on-site audit expertness at each of the major trade names. ( IBM Corporation, 2011 ) . Within CCL s concern units risk direction and internal control is an on-going procedure. It is designed to place, measure and pull off the important hazards faced by the units and is embedded in each of the operations. A system of internal controls has been established to be capable of reacting rapidly to germinating hazards in the concern. It includes processs for the direct coverage of material internal control deficiencies together with the appropriate disciplinary action. The corporate executive direction squad receives periodic information sing internal control issues originating at the concern units. The primary focal point of this facet of the system is the corporate Management Advisory Services ( MAS ) Department. MAS is responsible for supervising the procedure, guaranting that issues common to more than one concern unit are identified and that all relevant affairs are brought to the attending of the boards as a whole. The MAS Department is supported by the Corporate Finance and Corporate Legal Departments, every bit good as the CEO, COO and the CFO ( CCL, 2010 ) . Strength Good models CCL has adopted the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ( COSO ) counsel for implementing its internal control model as portion of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act SectionA 404 conformity program ( CCL, 2010 ) . The COSO model for ERM provides cardinal rules and constructs, a common linguistic communication, and clear way and counsel for organisations to measure and better their endeavor hazard direction ( COSO, 2004 ) . Carnival Cruise Lines has a structured attack to monitoring and pull offing operational, fiscal and conformity hazard across the corporation s spectrum of sail trade names. The system allows a high grade of comparison across the trade name portfolio while acknowledging the differences that make each person runing company unique ( IBM Corporation, 2011 ) . The key to CCL s attack to scrutinizing hazard is the conceptualisation of each of its trade names as a set of concern procedures. Despite the differences in organisational constructions, IT infrastructures and market sections, Carnival Cruise Lines operating companies all operate chiefly in the sail industry, which enables the organisation to set up a common analytical model. CCL has identified over 300 single procedures that are organized into 13 subdivisions as shown in figure X ( CCL, 2010 ) . 1. Understand markets and clients 2. Design merchandises and services 3. Market and sell cruise/tour merchandises 4. Deliver cruise merchandise and services 5. Pull off supply concatenation 6. Procedure gross Billingss and aggregations 7. Pull off fiscal resources 8. Pull off physical assets 9. Develop and pull off HR 10. Manage information resources and engineering 11. Manage environmental wellness, safety, and security 12. Manage support services 13. Pull off other non-cruise operations Figure Sections ERM model ( CCL, 2010 ) A hazard categorization strategy was established in concurrence with the direction. This strategy identifies and assesses the hazards associated with each procedure. The full theoretical account contains hazards that are categorized as fiscal, operational or compliance-related. For each major sail trade name are about 1,200 hazards identified ( IBM Corporation, 2011 ) . One of our cardinal ends has ever been to corroborate that controls and processs are designed and run efficaciously both shipboard and shore side. Our process-based attack to monitoring hazard is an effectual internal tool that gives us the confidence of a comprehensive, consistent position of hazard factors across all our assorted trade names. It is a great manner to gestate our concern ( Richard Brilliant, Sr. Vice President and Chief Audit Executive CCL ) . A individual package platform ( IBM OpenPages Operational Risk Management ) is implemented to guarantee planetary consistence. Strength Strong focal point on security A ; privateness ordinances CCL is a member of the Cruise Lines International Association ( CLIA ) . CLIA members are required to follow with all international, flag and port province criterions and ordinances to guarantee the safety and security of riders. Figure Regulations and Compliance in sail industry ( CLIA, 2012 ) Privacy is about the claim of persons and the social value stand foring that claim, to command the usage and revelation of their information ( Faden, 1993 ) . Privacy and Data Protection are typically interpreted in footings of criterions for the intervention and airing of certain types of personal information ( Movius A ; Krup, 2009 ) . CCL strongly aims to follow with security and privateness ordinances ( beginning ) . Appendix X provides an overview of international ordinances that deal with security and privateness. Failing Poor safety record Pull offing reputational hazard in the sail industry has neer been smooth seafaring. See that the universe s most well-known luxury sail of all clip is the 1 that struck an iceberg and claimed the lives of 1,523 riders and crew ( Risk A ; Insurance, 2012 ) . There is no public database of major sail accidents, but CCL has a notably worse safety record than other sail companies. The Costa Concordia calamity has been the most recent in the company s safety sufferings. The Center for Disease Control does track all major viral eruptions on sail lines. In the 2009-2011 period, CCL-owned companies accounted for 56 % of all viral eruptions, compared to a 48 % mean market portion. The company is besides thought to hold a worse safety record for individuals lost at sea, particularly in the Carnival trade name: of the 179 disappearings since 2000, CCL entirely accounts for about 30 % of them ( Levin, Jones, A ; Slade, 2011 ) . In 2009, Carnival Cruise Lines experienced bad imperativeness when three riders fell off ships in a three hebdomad period. There were a sum of 22 incidents of riders falling overboard in 2009. In December 2008, riders on the CCL owned Oceania sail ship were attacked by Somali plagiarists. The media attending when something happens on a sail ship reflects negatively on the company and the industry. ( KORTER )

Monstrous Mythology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Monstrous Mythology - Essay Example A monster when defined through literal terms comes from a Latin word 'Monstrum' which means an indication of what is yet to come, however, the Romans usually used this word to describe a series of unusual occurrences. It is very important for us to acknowledge the apparent relationship between the mythological notion of monstrous and the representation of it in the contemporary culture. The contemporary culture has adopted the mythological existence of monsters mostly through visualization or imagery which serves as a possibility inside human minds regarding the existence of these creatures. Mythology has well preserved the concept of monstrous which holds two attributes for their identification, one of which is that they are not human beings and the other saying that they are an evil force with their distinct objectives to kill humans. (Monster mythology, Carl Sargent, Pg 12-15) Classical mythology has a deep significance in the representation of what really a monster is with all the description that has something or the other constituting an animalistic nature. It is believed that the monsters in classical mythology usually existed either in the form of humans with unnatural attributes or absurd creatures that are part human and part animal. According to classical mythology, monsters were the creatures that violated the cultural values and norms and had their own inhumane and cruel motives. Myth makers and fiction writers have created many monsters but we cannot look through the deep-rooted significance of myth making itself and how it describes the appearance of the monster and the extent of its cruelty, for instance the people in New Guinea promoted a myth that involves monster traits such as shape transformation, inhumane union, thirst for blood and human flesh and other forms of cannibalism. Moreover, Greek Mythology has many relevant monstrous illustrations which prominently include the Stymphalian and evil birds in the Hercules period. (Classical mythology, Helen Morales, Pg 110-116) Monsters according to a culture can be the evil force that has all the wrong and manipulative objectives and perhaps this is why people following distinct cultural and moral values consider people who end up doing or even start believing in evil/malicious paths as the monsters or demons regardless of how a typical horror monster may look like. Classical mythology has preserved monsters time and time again such as the Cerberus, Centaurs, Chimaera, Medusa, Cyclopes, hydra etc. Below is an image of a monstrous creature in Norse mythology which was in the form of a savage wolf named 'Fenrir'. All these monsters were either humans or with a body or skull of an animal which depicts brutality and a hunger for blood gushing inside human bodies. Mythology as an explanation to monstrous creatures that once existed suggests that these creatures were perhaps a translation as to what fear is inside human minds or more like the image of fear and horror. Moving ahead it is extremely notable to understand the human psychology and how they perceive the monsters that they see on television screens or read and imagine about, it is believed that monsters are

President John Fitzgerald Kennedys Assassination Term Paper

President John Fitzgerald Kennedys Assassination - Term Paper Example The president was travelling with his wife Jacqueline, Texas Governor John Connally and Connally’s wife, Nelle, in a presidential motorcade (Thompson, 1967). Discussion Kennedy’s assassination came as a shock to the U.S and many investigations were started to establish how the incident took place that fatally caused the wounds to the president and injured two people, Governor Connally and James Taque. Shaw & Harris state that â€Å"Lee Harvey Oswald was killed by Jack Ruby before he could stand trial† (1992, p.3). This added controversy to the investigations of the president’s assassination. This is due to the fact that had Oswald been acting alone, his testimony would not have incriminated any third parties and therefore no sufficient reason for any person to want him dead unless it was a move to silence him. This was a major factor in all investigations that were carried out on the inquest to the president’s assassination. JFK's assassination was not a clear incident to be understood without thorough investigations. The intelligence Agencies including Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and committee of inquiry such as Warren Committee and United States House select Committee on Assassinations (HSCA) were instituted to conduct investigations. The findings of the various Agencies and committees differed in one way or another leading to different theories and speculations regarding the assassination. The Warren Commission On November 29, 1963, President Lyndon Johnson instituted the Commission investigating the assassination of President Kennedy. The commission was chaired by the Chief Justice, Earl Warren and would commonly be referred to as the Warren commission. The commission was instituted by the Executive Order EO 11130 (Twyman, 1997). President Johnson instructed the commission to evaluate and analyze the facts surrounding the assassination of the president and the subsequent murd er of the alleged assassin. The commission was then to compile and report its findings to the president. This was a ten months investigation by a commission of inquiry chaired by Warren. The commission relied on the FBI report of November 24, 1963. FBI was the first authority to investigate, in fact two days after JFK's assassination. The commission agreed with FBI's report of Edger Hoonar – the director of FBI, that 3 shots were fired but disagreed on which shot hit the President and which hit Governor Conally. On December 13th of the same year, the United States Congress passed the joint resolution for the Senate 137 which gave authority to the commission to subpoena all the witnesses directed to testify before the commission. Warren et al. (1964) states that â€Å"Any individual deemed to possess vital information useful to the investigation was thus required to appear before the commission.† The witnesses would testify upon being summoned by the commission. In addi tion, the resolution gave the commission the power to compel or mandate the testimony of the witnesses. Witnesses were granted immunity from being prosecuted as a result of the testimonies they would give to the commission. The Warren Commission presented its report to the president on September 24, 1964. Warren et al. notes that, â€Å"Each member of the commission concurred on the findings detailed in the report† (1964, p.32). This was soon followed by the publication of the 26 volumes of