An Analysis of Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays

An Analysis of Mark Twain's novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn I can always remember being younger when I just wanted to runaway. I would lay in bed and say "this place sucks, I just want to leave" In the novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, a young boy, Huck Finn, learns what life is like growing up in Missouri and his troublesome childhood leads him to runaway from home. Throughout the story Huck learns that in order to escape and run away from home, others need help running away too. Huck lies in order to keep Jim, Huck's companion, safe along the trip. In this novel, Twain uses the Mississippi river as a symbol of freedom for both Huck and Jim. Huck was raised in a different way, much different from his friends. Huck's father was a drunk and his mother passed away. For a while Huck had the life of doing whatever he wanted. Huck becomes very sheltered because he moves in with Miss Watson and Widow Douglas. These two ladies believe that Huck must attend school, learn religion, and how to be a gentleman. Huck gets tired of living this way and wants to be free. Once he escapes from Miss Watson's, his dad finds him, making Huck live all alone in a cabin. When Pap Finn comes home, he is drunk and beats Huck. Huck figures out a way to fake his death and escape once again. He floats down the Mississippi river and lives the "freedom life." Huck retreats to Jackson Island where he meets Jim, the slave on Miss Watson's ranch. Huck and Jim decide to team up and escape together. Huck learns that Jim has run away because he may be sold to another ranch, being and slave or possibly being killed. "I hear ole missus tell de widder she gwyne to sell me to OrleansÉ" (p. 54). Floating down the river, Huck uses his lying skills to keep slave hunters away from Jim, " 'Well the five niggers run off tonight, is your man white or black?' ' He is white sir'". Huck lies are used as a survial tool for both Huck and Jim. When Huck and Jim are on the raft they live a peaceful life, except they are unable to escape the evils of society from the outside world. In their route to freedom, they come upon a couple of con men, the duke and the dauphin.

Cultural Similarities and Differences

The Indian culture has different languages, which include Hindi, Bengali, and Urdu. The officially recognized language is Hindi with other local languages not recognized by the central government. Texans officially use American English with various variations and accents. Australian languages Include Australian slang, Indigenous Australian languages, and variations of Australian English (Dally, 1998). Nigeria has over 50 indigenous languages with very many local dialects. The predominant languages are Your, Bio, Afro -Asiatic and Kanji. The official language is English ND Is used across all states to unite the people.Except India, the other three countries share a salary language (I. E. English) though It has small variations In accent and pronunciation. Family Systems Indians maintain close personal ties with their families including the extended family members. Family relationships are hierarchical and the father is the patriarchal leader of the family. All members have mutual obli gations to their families and they maintain deep rooted trust among all relatives (Maker, 2008). Nigerian maintain an extended family system with relationships guided by hierarchy and seniority.Individuals are obliged to give the extended family members financial assistance and guidance (Coelenterates. N. D). The American family unit Is nuclear with the extended family living away from it. Individualism is highly practiced. The family set ups across the four countries recognizes the father as the head of the family. The role of extended family members is emphasized in Nigerian and Indian cultures where people recognize the senior members of the society. Australian and Texan cultures emphasize individualism and the societies generate highly independent people. Behavioral NormsIn India, greetings follow seniority with the most senior person being greeted first. Though shaking hands Is common, men seldom shake hands with women because of religious beliefs and It Is mandatory to bid eac h person farewell Individually when leaving a group. In Nigeria, shaking hands is the most common form of greeting. Men 1 OFF other person's well being. Direct eye contact is avoided when meeting with older and senior members of the society and as a sign of respect one is expected to bow. Nigerian place importance to professional titles and surnames. In Texas greetings are casual, a handshake, a smile, and a hello are enough.Men use only handshakes but women and children may hug and shake hands even in formal settings. Introductions are very important before any communication. It is considered rude to call senior persons by their first name. Men are supposed to be polite to ladies, they pull chairs and open doors for them and ladies are expected to say a polite thank you in return (Celebrities, 2012). Australian forms of greetings are informal and brief; shaking hands is common in formal setups. Ladies generally do not greet each other. Australians maintain good relationships with a ll people as they are down to earth ND modest.Religion India is a secular state with a lot of religious diversity. Hinduism, Buddhism, Jansenism, and Schism are practiced by most of the people. Christianity is practiced by a minority. Texas has a wide range of religious diversity with Christianity being practiced by the majority. Adherence levels are very high and individual religious beliefs are tolerated. Religious diversity in Nigeria is great with Christianity and Islam being practiced by the majority. Native religions that believe in deities, spirits, and ancestral worship are spread throughout the country. The country constitution remunerates freedom of worship.Majority of Australians are Christians with Islam being practiced by a few. Traditional aborigine religious cultures are practiced by a few aborigines as the others have converted to Christianity. The country laws are tolerant to different religious beliefs. Across the four countries, religion influences the culture of the people with Christianity, Salamis, Hinduism, and Judaism being recognized and accepted by the societies. Freedom of worship is allowed by their respective constitutions; but in Nigeria emergence of radical Salamis has affected he culture of the societies living in the affected areas.Business Etiquette There are various ways in which business is approached in various societies. In Indian society, it is customary for all sides to personally know each other before any business transaction take place. Business meetings are planned by appointments and punctuality is kept as a sign of mutual respect. Negotiations are non confrontational and the final decision is made by the person with the most authority. Decision making is slow and informal and successful negotiations are concluded by a word of mouth and celebrated over a meal. Formal dressing during meetings is expected and shows respect.In the Nigerian culture, developing a personal relationship is essential before any business tra nsaction. Business is conducted in a formal setup and decision making involves all the stakeholders. Nigerian are overly suspicious and proceed with business cautiously. Punctuality for meetings is very important to Texans and it is a sign of disrespect to be late. There is little emphasis on small talk and business is conducted rapidly. To conduct business, an appointment is necessary in Australia. Business is conducted rapidly in a relaxed environment. Personal relationships and show of emotion is not important in their business transactions.Conclusion The culture across all the four countries is steeped with differences and similarities continually changing with advent of globalization and information technology. The family and religious inclinations of these societies fundamentally influences their behavior, norms, and way of thinking. The cultures have inherent mechanisms of maintaining their way of life. In all the cultures, younger members are expected to respect their elders and this maintains social order. Though fundamentally different, arioso cultures have a lot to teach and are universally almost the same.

The Author s Issues And Concerns Of The Old Testament Essay

The author’s issues and concerns of the Old Testament The book assigned for my evaluation is John Goldingay’s Old Testament Theology: Israel’s Gospel. There are several kinds of concerns that John Golidngay addresses, in relation to the Old Testament, in the introduction of this book. The first statement that stood out to me was, â€Å"The expression ‘Old Testament theology’ suffers from a number of disadvantages and ambiguities, but I have retained it in the title for this book because of its value connotations with regard to my subject (though for some people these are negative value connotations).† (15) In this statement the author speaks about the term Old Testament, which often bringing forth various preconceived notions that individuals bring as they read it. Similar to the issue we discovered in Old Testament Theology class, we all came in to the class with our ideas of what represented the Old Testament. Bringing preconceived notions of reading often limits the reader, if the reader is not open to learning additional information about the text. The author states, â€Å"I do not care for the phrase ‘Old Testament,’ which we inherit from some time in the patristic period, because it rather suggests something antiquated and inferior left behind by a dead person.† (15) What the author states shows that he wants the readers to be open minded and expand their thinking of the Old Testament to more than a time period or something that is no longer relevant. The author alsoShow MoreRelatedThe Book of Leviticus: An Overview1693 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Old Testament and the New Testament. This paper mainly focuses on the Old Testament. The Old Testament has 39 books in total which is also subdivided into four categories namely; Pentateuch books (5 books), the historical books (12 books), the poetic books (5 books) and the prophetic books (17 books). 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